8/9 08. Representation, Spectatorship, and Ideology Free Online FlashCards

What is representation in film?

Representation is the active construction of images, stories, identities, places, and relationships through choices such as framing, casting, editing, sound, narrative, genre, and marketing.

What is a stereotype?

A stereotype is a simplified, repeated image of a social group that restricts the range of identities associated with that group.

How does a type differ from a stereotype?

A type is a recognizable character pattern linked to a genre or social role. It is not automatically harmful if the film gives the character agency and complexity.

What is ideology in film analysis?

Ideology is a connected system of beliefs, values, assumptions, and norms that shapes how individuals or groups understand the world.

How can realism carry ideology?

Narrative realism can make ideological assumptions seem like ordinary reality, encouraging viewers to accept values without consciously noticing them.

Spectator versus audience: what is the difference?

The spectator is the implied viewing position constructed by a film; the audience consists of actual viewers in particular historical, social, and technological circumstances.

What is identification?

Identification is alignment with a character, performer, viewpoint, or emotional position. It does not require agreement with that figure’s beliefs or actions.

What is a negotiated reading?

A negotiated reading accepts some meanings encouraged by a film but modifies them through the viewer’s own experience.

What does star studies examine?

Star studies examines a performer’s roles, performances, publicity, fan responses, and public image across films and other cultural materials.

What does the male gaze describe?

The male gaze describes a system in which men are associated with active looking and narrative agency, while women are often presented as objects of visual pleasure.

What is the oppositional gaze?

The oppositional gaze is a resistant way of looking that critically examines a racist or white-centered viewing position and refuses its demand for identification.

What does intersectional analysis avoid?

Intersectional analysis recognizes that categories such as class, race, gender, sexuality, disability, and nationality overlap and shape experiences together.