08 Classes and Objects Free Online FlashCards

What is a C++ class?

A class is a user-defined type combining data with the functions that operate on that data.

What is an object in C++?

An object is an instance of a class. It occupies storage and has a lifetime.

What follows a class definition's closing brace?

The semicolon after a class definition's closing brace is required.

What do data members represent?

Data members represent an object's state; each object has its own non-static data members.

What is a member function?

A member function is associated with a class and operates on a particular object when called with the member-access operator `.`.

What does the implicit `this` pointer refer to?

Inside a non-static member function, the implicit `this` pointer refers to the object on which the function was called.

What does `const` promise on a member function?

A `const` member function promises not to modify the object's observable state through the object on which it is called.

What are the default access levels for `class` and `struct`?

Members of a `class` are `private` by default, whereas members of a `struct` are `public` by default.

What does a constructor do?

A constructor initializes an object automatically when it is created. It has the class's name and no return type.

What determines member-initialization order?

Members are initialized in the order they are declared in the class, not the order written in the initializer list.

What does `explicit` prevent on a constructor?

`explicit` prevents unintended implicit conversions for a constructor, such as rejecting `Meters distance = 5.0;`.

What is encapsulation?

Encapsulation combines state and behavior while controlling access to state. Private data and public operations can enforce valid object states.