01
Front
What is memory encoding?
Back
Encoding is the initial processing of information into a form that can be used later.
Free Online Flashcard Deck
1 Memory Systems and Models Free Online FlashCards
Study 1 Memory Systems and Models with 12 free online flashcards. Review key terms, definitions, and concepts with this interactive flashcard deck.
12 cards
02
Front
Which three stores are distinguished in the Atkinson–Shiffrin model?
Back
The Atkinson–Shiffrin model distinguishes sensory, short-term, and long-term memory. It is a useful framework, not a rigid route every memory must follow.
03
Front
What does working memory do?
Back
Working memory temporarily holds and manipulates information for an ongoing task; it is more than passive short-term storage.
04
Front
What does episodic memory store?
Back
Episodic memory is declarative memory for personally experienced events situated in time and place.
05
Front
What makes a retrieval cue especially useful?
Back
Retrieval cues that overlap with information present during encoding can make a stored memory easier to access.
06
Front
What is storage, and what may help stabilize new memories?
Back
Storage is the persistence of information over time; consolidation may help stabilize newly learned material.
07
Front
How do recall and recognition differ?
Back
Recall means producing information; recognition means identifying information encountered before. Recognition often offers more retrieval support.
08
Front
What is the central executive’s role?
Back
The central executive directs attention and coordinates specialized working-memory systems.
09
Front
What kind of information does the phonological loop handle?
Back
The phonological loop temporarily handles speech and sound information.
10
Front
What kind of information does the visuospatial sketchpad handle?
Back
The visuospatial sketchpad temporarily handles visual and spatial information.
11
Front
What does the episodic buffer contribute to working memory?
Back
The episodic buffer helps integrate information across working-memory systems and long-term memory.
12
Front
What does semantic memory store?
Back
Semantic memory is declarative memory for facts, meanings, and general knowledge.
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