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3 Arterial Blood Gas Interpretation Free Online FlashCards

Study 3 Arterial Blood Gas Interpretation with 12 free online flashcards. Review key terms, definitions, and concepts with this interactive flashcard deck.

12 cards
01
Front

What are typical adult pH, PaCO₂, and HCO₃⁻ ranges?

Back

Typical adult ranges are pH 7.35–7.457.35–7.45, PaCO₂ 35–4535–45 mm Hg, and HCO₃⁻ 22–2622–26 mEq/L.

02
Front

What do low and high arterial pH indicate?

Back

A pH below 7.357.35 indicates acidemia; a pH above 7.457.45 indicates alkalemia.

03
Front

Which ABG values represent the respiratory and metabolic components?

Back

PaCO₂ is the respiratory component; HCO₃⁻ is the metabolic component.

04
Front

How do PaCO₂ and HCO₃⁻ changes affect pH?

Back

PaCO₂ moves pH in the opposite direction, while HCO₃⁻ moves pH in the same direction.

05
Front

What does compensation do in an acid–base disorder?

Back

Compensation changes the other component in a direction that brings pH toward normal. It does not prove the primary disorder has resolved.

06
Front

Does a near-normal pH always mean acid–base status is normal?

Back

No. Abnormal PaCO₂ and HCO₃⁻ with a near-normal pH may reflect compensation or two opposing disorders.

07
Front

What is Winter’s formula used to estimate?

Back

For metabolic acidosis, expected PaCO₂ is 1.5×HCO₃⁻+81.5 × \text{HCO₃⁻} + 8, with a margin of ±2±2 mm Hg.

08
Front

When should a mixed acid–base disorder be considered?

Back

Consider a mixed disorder when compensation falls outside the expected range or both PaCO₂ and HCO₃⁻ push pH in the same abnormal direction.

09
Front

How does HCO₃⁻ typically change in acute respiratory acidosis?

Back

In acute respiratory acidosis, HCO₃⁻ rises by about 11 mEq/L per 1010 mm Hg increase in PaCO₂.

10
Front

With HCO₃⁻ 1212 mEq/L, is PaCO₂ 2727 mm Hg appropriate compensation?

Back

Expected PaCO₂ is 26±226 ± 2 mm Hg. A measured PaCO₂ of 2727 mm Hg is within that range, indicating appropriate respiratory compensation.

11
Front

What disorder is indicated when low HCO₃⁻ and high PaCO₂ both lower pH?

Back

It is mixed metabolic and respiratory acidosis: low HCO₃⁻ and elevated PaCO₂ both push pH downward.

12
Front

How does HCO₃⁻ typically change in chronic respiratory acidosis?

Back

In chronic respiratory acidosis, HCO₃⁻ rises by about 3.5–43.5–4 mEq/L per 1010 mm Hg increase in PaCO₂.