01
Front
What are three key functions of phosphate?
Back
Phosphate supports cellular energy, muscle and nerve function, and bone structure.
Free Online Flashcard Deck
5 Phosphate Imbalances Free Online FlashCards
Study 5 Phosphate Imbalances with 12 free online flashcards. Review key terms, definitions, and concepts with this interactive flashcard deck.
12 cards
02
Front
What is a commonly used adult serum phosphate range?
Back
A commonly used adult serum reference range is 2.5–4.5 mg/dL; follow the laboratory’s reference range.
03
Front
What level defines hypophosphatemia?
Back
Hypophosphatemia is a blood phosphate level below 2.5 mg/dL.
04
Front
What level defines hyperphosphatemia?
Back
Hyperphosphatemia is a blood phosphate level above 4.5 mg/dL.
05
Front
Why can refeeding after prolonged undernutrition lower blood phosphate?
Back
Refeeding after prolonged undernutrition can shift phosphate into cells, causing hypophosphatemia.
06
Front
Which conditions can cause hypophosphatemia through low intake or absorption?
Back
Low intake or absorption can result from starvation, malnutrition, alcohol use disorder, or malabsorption.
07
Front
What serious problems can severe hypophosphatemia cause?
Back
Severe or prolonged depletion can cause muscle weakness, respiratory muscle failure, rhabdomyolysis, confusion, seizures, or coma.
08
Front
What should be assessed and monitored in suspected hypophosphatemia?
Back
Assess strength, respiratory effort, mental status, and signs of muscle injury; monitor phosphate, calcium, potassium, magnesium, and renal function.
09
Front
What is a key safety concern when replacing phosphate?
Back
Give phosphate only as prescribed. Excessive or rapid replacement can cause hypocalcemia and dangerous calcium-phosphate deposits.
10
Front
What is the most common cause of hyperphosphatemia?
Back
Reduced kidney excretion is the most common cause, especially in advanced chronic kidney disease.
11
Front
Which conditions can raise phosphate through cell damage?
Back
Rhabdomyolysis, crush injury, tumor lysis syndrome, and diabetic ketoacidosis can release phosphate from damaged cells.
12
Front
Why can hyperphosphatemia cause tingling or muscle cramps?
Back
Excess phosphate can lower available calcium. Tingling, cramps, twitching, tetany, and seizures may reflect associated hypocalcemia.
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