6 Data Representation Free Online FlashCards

What is a bit?

A bit is a binary digit with one of two values: $0$ or $1$.

How many bit patterns can one byte represent?

A byte contains eight bits and can represent $2^8 = 256$ possible bit patterns.

Convert $00101101_2$ to decimal.

$00101101_2 = 45_{10}$, because $32 + 8 + 4 + 1 = 45$.

How many patterns can an $n$-bit value represent?

An $n$-bit value can represent $2^n$ different bit patterns.

What is the difference between big-endian and little-endian storage?

In big-endian storage, the most significant byte comes first; in little-endian storage, the least significant byte comes first.

What range does an $n$-bit unsigned integer represent?

The range is $0$ to $2^n - 1$. For eight bits, that is $0$–$255$.

How is a negative value formed in two’s complement?

Invert every bit of the positive value, then add $1$. For eight-bit $+5$, this produces $11111011$, or $-5$.

What does floating-point representation store?

Floating-point representation stores a sign, a significant portion, and a scale or exponent, allowing a wide range of values.

What does a Boolean value represent?

A Boolean represents a logical condition with two states: true and false. It can often be stored as $0$ for false and $1$ for true.

How does ASCII represent the character A?

ASCII assigns numeric codes to common English characters; uppercase A has decimal code $65$, or binary $01000001$.

How do Unicode and UTF-8 differ?

Unicode assigns code points to characters across many languages and symbol systems. UTF-8 encodes each code point as one to four bytes.

What distinguishes a nibble from a byte?

A nibble is four bits; a byte is eight bits.