3 Diabetic Emergencies Online Quiz Questions

True

False

Give a carbohydrate-and-protein snack immediately, then check glucose in an hour.

Give 15 g of fast-acting carbohydrate and recheck glucose after 15 minutes.

Give nothing by mouth and wait for the next scheduled meal.

Give prescribed IV dextrose without checking whether the patient can swallow.

Rapid onset with abdominal pain, significant ketones, and metabolic acidosis.

Gradual onset with marked thirst and urination, dehydration, and increased osmolality, usually without substantial ketosis or acidosis.

Low glucose with shakiness and sweating that resolves after carbohydrate.

High glucose with significant ketones and acidosis as defining features.

True

False

Give nothing by mouth.

Call for emergency assistance.

Administer prescribed glucagon or IV dextrose according to the care setting’s protocol.

Offer juice if the patient appears likely to regain consciousness soon.

Protect the patient from injury and position to help protect the airway.

Check bedside glucose every 1–2 hours during crisis treatment, as recommended by adult consensus guidance.

Trend electrolytes, particularly potassium.

Monitor fluid intake and output and vital signs.

Stop assessing neurologic status once glucose begins to fall.

Monitor neurologic status and response to treatment; monitor cardiac rhythm when indicated, especially with abnormal potassium.

Glucose at least 600 mg/dL and hyperosmolality, without substantial ketones or acidosis.

Glucose at least 200 mg/dL or known diabetes, significant ketones, and acidosis.

Any elevated glucose level, even without ketones or acidosis.

Known diabetes and dehydration, with no need to assess ketones or acid-base status.

Give a fixed 100 mL/hour for the first 24 hours, regardless of patient factors.

Use an initial isotonic saline or balanced crystalloid rate of 500–1,000 mL/hour for the first 2–4 hours, then individualize treatment.

Avoid IV fluids until glucose has normalized.

Use the same rapid fluid replacement rate for all patients, including older adults and those with heart or kidney disease.

Withhold treatment until a glucose measurement is available.

Give 15 g of fast-acting carbohydrate by mouth.

Give a carbohydrate-and-protein snack instead of fast-acting carbohydrate.

Give nothing by mouth and administer IV dextrose.

Wait until a glucose meter is available before taking any action.

Give insulin to prevent a later rise in glucose.

Treat the suspected low and check glucose as soon as possible.

Offer food only after confirming the glucose is below 70 mg/dL.

True

False

Severe hyperglycemia, dehydration, and hyperosmolality, usually without substantial ketonemia or acidosis.

Rapid onset with significant ketones and metabolic acidosis as defining features.

Low glucose with reduced awareness of warning symptoms.

Mild dehydration with no change in serum osmolality.

Use the general initial fluid rate without modification because it is recommended for all adults.

Use more cautious, individualized fluid replacement.

Avoid fluids until glucose has normalized.

Rapidly increase fluids to correct dehydration as quickly as possible.