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6 Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards Online Quiz Questions

Use this free practice quiz with 20 questions to review 6 Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards, test your knowledge, and prepare for your next test or exam.

20 questions
01
True or false
1 point

If seismic activity and ground deformation increase at a volcano, does that guarantee an eruption will occur?

  1. A

    True

  2. B

    False

02
True or false
1 point

Can a lahar threaten communities downstream, far from a volcano’s slopes?

  1. A

    True

  2. B

    False

03
Choose one
1 point

Which process commonly promotes magma formation above a convergent plate boundary?

  1. A

    A rising plate releases water that cools the mantle.

  2. B

    A sinking plate releases water that helps melt mantle rock.

  3. C

    Two plates separate, lowering pressure on the mantle.

  4. D

    Silica-rich magma solidifies before it can form.

04
Fill in the blank
1 point

When hot mantle rises and pressure decreases, the resulting melting is called .

05
Choose one
1 point

A volcano has runny magma from which gas escapes readily. Which eruption behavior is most likely?

  1. A

    Gas becomes trapped, so magma fragments into tephra.

  2. B

    The magma interacts with external water and must erupt explosively.

  3. C

    Gas escapes more easily, favoring lava flows or fountains.

  4. D

    The magma becomes a pyroclastic density current underground.

06
Fill in the blank
1 point

Compared with basaltic magma, silica-rich magma is generally more .

07
Written response
1 point

What is the eruption style in which magma interacts directly with external water, fragmenting both magma and surrounding material?

08
Choose one
1 point

Which volcanic landform can pose a hazard when thick lava piles up near a vent and later collapses?

  1. A

    A shield volcano, which is broad and gently sloping

  2. B

    A lava dome, which can collapse and generate hot currents of gas and fragments

  3. C

    A fissure, which is an elongated crack that releases lava

  4. D

    A cinder cone, which is built mainly from loose fragments around a vent

09
Written response
1 point

What is the term for a large depression formed when the ground collapses after substantial magma has been withdrawn from beneath a volcano?

10
Choose all
1 point

Select all methods that can contribute evidence when scientists assess volcanic activity.

  1. A

    Seismometers that detect earthquakes and volcanic tremor

  2. B

    GPS or satellite radar measurements of ground deformation

  3. C

    Measurements of the amount or composition of gases

  4. D

    Thermal and visual observations of heat, steaming, lava, or ash

  5. E

    Geologic studies and hazard maps documenting past activity and possible flow paths

  6. F

    A method that determines the exact time and size of every eruption

11
Choose all
1 point

Select all effects that ash fall can cause.

  1. A

    Reduced visibility

  2. B

    Irritation of lungs and eyes

  3. C

    Contamination of water

  4. D

    Damage to machinery

  5. E

    Burden on roofs

  6. F

    Disruption of aviation

  7. G

    Effects limited to the volcano’s immediate slopes

12
Choose one
1 point

Which eruption type can blast apart existing rock when heated water flashes to steam, even if new magma does not reach the surface?

  1. A

    A phreatomagmatic eruption, where magma and external water interact directly

  2. B

    A phreatic eruption, where heated water flashes to steam and blasts existing rock

  3. C

    An effusive eruption, where runny magma releases lava flows or fountains

  4. D

    A decompression eruption, where gas escapes through a lava flow

13
Open ended
1 point

Two volcanoes have different magma: one has runny magma from which gas escapes readily, while the other has viscous, gas-rich magma. Explain why the first is more likely to produce an effusive eruption and the second an explosive eruption.

14
True or false
1 point

A phreatic eruption requires new magma to reach the surface.

  1. A

    True

  2. B

    False

15
Choose one
1 point

Fine volcanic fragments are carried downwind, reducing visibility and disrupting aircraft operations. Which hazard best fits this situation?

  1. A

    Lava flow

  2. B

    Ash fall

  3. C

    Landslide

  4. D

    Lava dome

16
Written response
1 point

What is the singular name for a rapid flow of water mixed with volcanic sediment?

17
Choose one
1 point

Repeated eruptions of fluid basaltic lava spread over a wide area. Which landform would this process most likely build?

  1. A

    A steep cone built from alternating lava flows and ash deposits

  2. B

    A steep-sided hill made mostly of loose fragments around a vent

  3. C

    A broad, gently sloping structure built mainly by repeated fluid lava flows

  4. D

    A large depression formed by collapse after magma withdrawal

18
Choose one
1 point

An eruption releases lava from an elongated crack rather than from a single cone-shaped vent. Which volcanic feature is the source?

  1. A

    Fissure

  2. B

    Cinder cone

  3. C

    Lava dome

  4. D

    Caldera

19
Choose one
1 point

At a divergent plate boundary, hot mantle rises beneath separating plates. Which melting process is most directly promoted as the mantle rises?

  1. A

    Water released by a sinking plate lowers the melting temperature of mantle rock

  2. B

    Surrounding rock heats magma until it melts

  3. C

    Gas pressure breaks apart rock at the surface

  4. D

    A decrease in pressure as hot mantle rises promotes melting

20
Written response
1 point

GPS and satellite radar track a volcano's swelling, sinking, or shifting. What two-word monitoring category do these measurements belong to?