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8 Research, Policy, and Social Change Online Quiz Questions

Use this free practice quiz with 20 questions to review 8 Research, Policy, and Social Change, test your knowledge, and prepare for your next test or exam.

20 questions
01
Choose one
1 point

A researcher wants to measure accumulated assets minus debts rather than money received over a period of time. Which measure should the researcher use?

  1. A

    Wealth

  2. B

    Income

  3. C

    Status

  4. D

    Mobility

02
True or false
1 point

True or false: High mobility necessarily means that inequality is low.

  1. A

    True

  2. B

    False

03
Written response
1 point

What term describes tracking a person's social or economic position over that person's own life?

04
Fill in the blank
1 point

Labor standards and collective bargaining can affect wages and job .

05
Choose one
1 point

A researcher reports a Gini index for a whole population. Which limitation should the researcher keep in mind?

  1. A

    It identifies the causes of income inequality.

  2. B

    It can summarize overall income dispersion but does not show how unequal outcomes vary across groups or places.

  3. C

    It measures accumulated assets minus debts.

  4. D

    It tracks one person's position over their life.

06
Written response
1 point

What term describes whether people's resources rise or fall in real terms, rather than how their rank changes compared with others?

07
Fill in the blank
1 point

Administrative and linked records can track outcomes across large populations and .

08
True or false
1 point

True or false: If an outcome improves after a policy begins, a before-and-after comparison alone establishes that the policy caused the improvement.

  1. A

    True

  2. B

    False

09
Choose one
1 point

A researcher wants to examine how the same households' economic insecurity changes over several years. Which design best fits this goal?

  1. A

    A one-time survey of a representative sample

  2. B

    An interview study conducted at one point in time

  3. C

    A longitudinal study that follows the same households over several years

  4. D

    A comparison of two groups measured only once

10
Choose all
1 point

Select all statements that accurately describe research methods for studying inequality.

  1. A

    Surveys and descriptive statistics can estimate how resources and opportunities are distributed, but group differences alone do not show what caused them.

  2. B

    Longitudinal studies follow the same people or households over time.

  3. C

    Interviews alone establish that a policy caused an observed outcome.

  4. D

    Administrative records necessarily capture informal work and subjective status.

11
Choose all
1 point

A team is evaluating a policy intended to reduce inequality. Select all questions that belong in a careful evaluation.

  1. A

    Did the policy reach its intended population?

  2. B

    Who benefited, who bore costs, and through what mechanism?

  3. C

    Did the effect persist, and did it differ across social groups?

  4. D

    Is a change in the average outcome enough to establish that all groups benefited equally?

12
Choose one
1 point

An evaluation finds that a program raised participants' average earnings but left wealth disparities largely unchanged. Which conclusion best fits these results?

  1. A

    The policy necessarily eliminated wealth disparities.

  2. B

    Higher average earnings prove that relative mobility increased.

  3. C

    Earnings and wealth measure the same outcome, so one result establishes both.

  4. D

    The policy may have improved earnings while leaving wealth disparities largely unchanged.

13
Open ended
1 point

A local government introduces a policy intended to improve access to secure work. Describe how researchers could evaluate whether the policy caused an improvement and what additional evidence they should examine when interpreting its effects.

14
Choose one
1 point

A person with substantial economic resources works in a low-prestige occupation. Another person has modest resources but is widely admired for a prestigious occupation. Which interpretation best distinguishes their positions?

  1. A

    The first person has higher status because their income is larger.

  2. B

    The first person has greater class resources, while the second has higher status.

  3. C

    The second person has greater class resources because their occupation is prestigious.

  4. D

    Class and status are identical, so the people cannot be compared.

15
Choose one
1 point

A researcher wants to distinguish a household's earnings during a year from its accumulated assets after subtracting debts. Which classification is correct?

  1. A

    Income is accumulated assets minus debts, while wealth is earnings over a period.

  2. B

    Income and wealth are interchangeable measures of economic resources.

  3. C

    Income is a flow over time, while wealth is accumulated assets minus debts.

  4. D

    Income measures social honor, while wealth measures occupational standing.

16
True or false
1 point

A Gini index by itself shows how income inequality varies by race, gender, or place.

  1. A

    True

  2. B

    False

17
Written response
1 point

A researcher specifies whether an inequality study examines individuals, households, or families. What term names this choice?

18
Choose one
1 point

A researcher wants to determine how the same households' economic positions change over a decade. Which design best fits this goal?

  1. A

    A one-time survey comparing different households

  2. B

    A longitudinal study following the same households over several years

  3. C

    An interview study conducted once with people from different age groups

  4. D

    A comparison of income shares in a single year

19
Choose one
1 point

A study links tax and education records for a large population, but the data contain no measure of informal work or people's perceived social standing. What is the best conclusion about this data source?

  1. A

    The records necessarily capture every kind of work and social standing.

  2. B

    The missing information proves that informal work has no effect on inequality.

  3. C

    The records may provide broad coverage while failing to capture informal work or subjective status.

  4. D

    The records cannot be used to study outcomes across generations.

20
Written response
1 point

A research team uses statistical patterns to identify a disparity, then interviews people to investigate how organizational practices produce it. What type of research combines these approaches?