08 Trauma Assessment and Management Free Online FlashCards

When should the trauma primary survey use xABCDE?

Use xABCDE when catastrophic external bleeding is possible; otherwise begin with ABCDE. Treat life-threatening threats as you find them.

Does normal initial blood pressure rule out serious injury or early shock?

No. Hypotension can be a late sign of shock, so assess trends and early clues such as tachycardia, confusion, cool clammy skin, and weak pulses.

How should a tourniquet be positioned and managed?

Place it proximal to the wound, not over a joint. Tighten until bleeding stops, record the application time, and leave it visible.

What are core actions for suspected hemorrhagic shock?

Control bleeding, keep the patient warm, support oxygenation or ventilation as indicated, and transport promptly. Fluids or blood products depend on local protocol.

What priorities help prevent secondary injury in traumatic brain injury?

Prevent hypoxia and hypotension, support ventilation, and avoid routine hyperventilation. Hyperventilation is considered only for impending herniation signs and according to protocol.

What is the goal of spinal motion restriction?

Use selective spinal motion restriction based on assessment criteria and protocol. Minimize unnecessary movement; prolonged routine backboard immobilization is not the goal.

What findings can indicate tension pneumothorax?

Suspect it with severe respiratory or circulatory compromise and markedly diminished breath sounds on one side or other compatible findings. Do not wait for tracheal deviation.

How should eviscerated abdominal tissue be managed?

Cover the tissue with a sterile moist dressing and protect it from pressure. Do not probe the wound or push the organs back inside.

Where should a pelvic binder be positioned?

Place it over the greater trochanters, not the abdomen. Handle the patient carefully and avoid repeated manipulation of an unstable pelvis.

How should a thermal burn be cooled?

Use clean, cool running water when feasible. Do not use ice, and avoid prolonged cooling that could cause hypothermia.

Which burn-related findings raise concern for inhalation injury?

Enclosed-space smoke exposure, facial burns, hoarseness, stridor, or soot in the mouth can signal airway risk. Swelling may progress, so early transport and airway planning are essential.

What partial-thickness burn size warrants burn-center consultation consideration?

The American Burn Association recommends immediate consultation with consideration for transfer for partial-thickness burns of at least 10% TBSA.