2. Binary and Digital Representation Free Online FlashCards

What is a bit?

A bit is one binary digit with a value of 0 or 1.

What place values does binary use?

Binary is base 2, so each position represents a power of 2, beginning with 2⁰ at the rightmost position.

Convert 1011₂ to decimal.

1011₂ = 1×8 + 0×4 + 1×2 + 1×1 = 11₁₀.

What is a byte, and what range can an unsigned byte represent?

A byte contains eight bits. An unsigned byte has 256 patterns and represents values from 0 through 255.

How do KB and KiB differ?

In common computing usage, 1 KB is 1,024 bytes (2¹⁰). Strictly, 1 KiB names this power-of-two quantity, while kilobyte may denote 1,000 bytes.

How do you convert decimal to binary by division?

Repeatedly divide by 2, record each remainder, and read the remainders from bottom to top.

Why can 5 be written as 00000101₂?

Leading zeros fill unused positions without changing the value. Thus, 5 can be stored as 101₂ or as 00000101₂ in an eight-bit byte.

Why do bits alone not determine meaning?

A bit pattern needs representation rules—such as data type, layout, encoding, size, and order—to determine whether it means a number, character, image data, sound, or something else.

What is the relationship between Unicode and UTF-8?

Unicode assigns code points to characters from many writing systems, symbols, punctuation marks, and emoji. UTF-8 is one encoding form used to store those code points.

How does a raster image store visual information?

A raster image is a rectangular grid of pixels, with each pixel storing numerical information about brightness or color.

How many RGB colors can 24 bits per pixel represent?

With 8 bits for each red, green, and blue channel, RGB uses 24 bits per pixel and can represent up to 256³ = 16,777,216 color combinations.

How do vector images differ from raster images?

A vector image stores mathematical descriptions of shapes, lines, and curves; the display system calculates pixels when rendering it.