2 Respiratory and Thromboembolic Complications Free Online FlashCards

What is atelectasis?

Atelectasis is the collapse of air sacs in the lungs.

What postoperative factors can contribute to atelectasis?

Anesthesia, shallow breathing, pain, and reduced mobility can limit lung expansion and contribute to atelectasis.

How can postoperative care support lung expansion and secretion clearance?

Support effective pain control, deep breathing, coughing, and mobilization as directed.

What signs may indicate opioid-related respiratory depression?

Unusual difficulty waking, together with slow or shallow breathing, may signal opioid-related respiratory depression.

What is the priority response to suspected opioid-related respiratory depression?

Promptly assess breathing and responsiveness, call for clinical help, and follow emergency-response and opioid-safety protocols.

Why does obstructive sleep apnea matter when a patient receives opioids?

Obstructive sleep apnea can increase respiratory risk when a patient receives opioids, so monitoring should account for that risk.

How should new one-sided calf swelling, warmth, and tenderness be handled?

New one-sided calf swelling, warmth, and tenderness can indicate DVT. Promptly notify the healthcare team for assessment; do not massage the leg.

Which factors together raise postoperative DVT risk?

Major surgery, limited mobility, and a history of VTE increase postoperative DVT risk.

What is a general approach to postoperative VTE prevention?

Use prescribed mechanical or medication-based prophylaxis and mobilize as soon as it is safe and consistent with the care plan.

What risks must be weighed when planning VTE prevention?

The care team individualizes prevention and weighs clot risk against bleeding risk.

What should someone do about sudden shortness of breath with pain on deep breathing?

Sudden shortness of breath and chest pain that worsens with a deep breath may signal PE; seek emergency medical attention immediately.

How can a DVT lead to a pulmonary embolism?

A clot in a deep vein can break loose, travel to the lungs, and cause a pulmonary embolism.