Study 4 Dialysis in Acute Kidney Injury with 12 free online flashcards. Review key terms, definitions, and concepts with this interactive flashcard deck.
What is the role of dialysis in acute kidney injury?
Dialysis temporarily removes selected waste products and excess fluid and corrects electrolyte and acid–base disturbances; it supports kidney function but does not repair injured kidneys.
When can acidosis indicate dialysis in acute kidney injury?
Severe metabolic acidosis that persists despite appropriate medical treatment is an indication to consider renal replacement therapy.
Which electrolyte disturbance can urgently prompt dialysis?
Severe or refractory hyperkalemia can be life-threatening and may require renal replacement therapy, especially if temporary medical measures do not control it.
When may intoxication be an indication for dialysis?
Selected poisonings involving dialyzable substances may warrant dialysis; the decision depends on the substance, clinical condition, and toxicology guidance.
When does fluid overload support starting dialysis?
Fluid overload causing pulmonary edema or other serious effects despite adequate medical management may require dialysis for fluid removal.
Which complications can indicate uremia severe enough for dialysis?
Uremic complications such as encephalopathy, pericarditis, or bleeding can be indications for renal replacement therapy.
Should one BUN or creatinine value determine whether dialysis starts?
No single BUN or creatinine value is a universal trigger. Consider symptoms, laboratory trends, fluid balance, overall condition, and whether dialysis can address the problem.
What is a key benefit and trade-off of IHD?
IHD clears small solutes and potassium relatively quickly and can remove fluid. It is often suitable for hemodynamically stable patients, but rapid shifts may cause hypotension or dialysis disequilibrium.
Why may CRRT be selected for a hemodynamically unstable patient?
CRRT removes solutes and fluid gradually and is often selected for hemodynamically unstable patients or when slow fluid shifts are desirable.
Name complications associated with CRRT.
CRRT can cause circuit clotting, bleeding, or hypothermia, among other complications; close monitoring is needed.
When might SLED be considered?
SLED is a slower, longer treatment combining features of intermittent and continuous therapy. It may be considered when conventional IHD is poorly tolerated and CRRT is unavailable or not preferred.
How does peritoneal dialysis exchange substances?
In PD, dialysate is placed in the abdominal cavity, and the peritoneum acts as the exchange membrane.
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