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Free Practice Quiz Question List

1 Acute Kidney Injury: Causes and Pathophysiology Online Quiz Questions

Use this free practice quiz with 20 questions to review 1 Acute Kidney Injury: Causes and Pathophysiology, test your knowledge, and prepare for your next test or exam.

20 questions
01
True or false
1 point

True or false: In prerenal AKI, filtration can fall initially even though the kidneys have no structural injury.

  1. A

    True

  2. B

    False

02
True or false
1 point

True or false: A blockage in only one ureter usually causes a substantial decline in overall kidney function.

  1. A

    True

  2. B

    False

03
Choose one
1 point

A patient develops AKI after several days of severe diarrhea. Which category and initial mechanism best fit this presentation?

  1. A

    Intrinsic AKI from direct tubular damage

  2. B

    Prerenal AKI from reduced circulating volume and kidney perfusion

  3. C

    Postrenal AKI from urine-flow obstruction

04
Written response
1 point

A patient develops AKI after prolonged exposure to an aminoglycoside antibiotic. Which broad AKI category best describes the cause?

05
Choose one
1 point

When kidney perfusion falls in prerenal AKI, which initial response helps support circulating volume?

  1. A

    They increase urine flow to remove excess sodium and water.

  2. B

    They retain sodium and water to support circulating volume.

  3. C

    They immediately develop glomerular inflammation.

06
Choose all
1 point

Select all the listed conditions that can cause prerenal AKI by causing volume loss.

  1. A

    Vomiting

  2. B

    Aminoglycoside exposure

  3. C

    Burns

  4. D

    Glomerulonephritis

  5. E

    Excessive diuresis

07
Written response
1 point

Which medication class can reduce pressure within the glomerulus, particularly in susceptible patients? Enter either class.

08
Choose all
1 point

Which structures can be directly injured in intrinsic AKI? Select all that apply.

  1. A

    Kidney tubules

  2. B

    Kidney interstitium

  3. C

    Glomeruli

  4. D

    Kidney blood vessels

  5. E

    Ureters

09
Choose one
1 point

A patient develops urinary retention and AKI because a catheter is blocked. Which category best explains the AKI?

  1. A

    Prerenal AKI from reduced effective circulating volume

  2. B

    Intrinsic AKI from inflammation within kidney tissue

  3. C

    Postrenal AKI from obstructed urine outflow

10
Open ended
1 point

A patient in shock remains hypotensive for an extended period and develops tubular injury. Explain how the original perfusion problem can progress to intrinsic AKI.

11
Choose one
1 point

A patient with reduced kidney reserve develops severe infection, dehydration, and exposure to a potentially nephrotoxic drug. Which conclusion best fits the combined risk factors?

  1. A

    The conditions are all forms of urinary obstruction.

  2. B

    A single risk factor always causes intrinsic AKI by itself.

  3. C

    Reduced kidney reserve and several simultaneous stresses can make the kidneys more vulnerable.

  4. D

    Dehydration protects the kidneys from medication effects.

12
True or false
1 point

True or false: A patient’s acute kidney injury can involve more than one mechanism category at the same time.

  1. A

    True

  2. B

    False

13
Choose one
1 point

A patient develops AKI after several days of severe diarrhea. Which mechanism best explains the initial decline in filtration?

  1. A

    Intrinsic AKI from direct kidney-tissue injury

  2. B

    Prerenal AKI from reduced circulating volume and kidney perfusion

  3. C

    Postrenal AKI from pressure caused by urinary obstruction

  4. D

    Intrinsic AKI from inflammation of the kidney interstitium

14
Written response
1 point

When kidney perfusion is inadequate but there is initially no structural kidney injury, which two substances do the kidneys retain to support circulating volume?

15
Choose one
1 point

A patient with severe sepsis develops AKI, and there is no evidence of urinary obstruction or direct kidney-tissue injury. Which mechanism best fits sepsis-related systemic vasodilation?

  1. A

    Postrenal AKI because urine outflow is blocked

  2. B

    Intrinsic AKI because the glomeruli are necessarily inflamed

  3. C

    Prerenal AKI because systemic vasodilation can reduce effective kidney perfusion

  4. D

    Intrinsic AKI because sepsis always directly injures the tubules

16
Written response
1 point

In susceptible patients, ACE inhibitors and ARBs can reduce pressure at what site in the kidney?

17
Choose one
1 point

A patient at risk for reduced kidney perfusion develops AKI after taking an NSAID. Which category and medication effect best fit the material?

  1. A

    Prerenal AKI, because NSAIDs can limit compensatory blood flow into the glomerulus

  2. B

    Intrinsic AKI, because NSAIDs are described as directly destroying tubules

  3. C

    Postrenal AKI, because NSAIDs block urine from leaving the kidney

  4. D

    Postrenal AKI, because NSAIDs cause an enlarged prostate

18
Choose one
1 point

A patient has AKI due to a urinary outflow obstruction. Which change most directly explains the reduced glomerular filtration rate?

  1. A

    It increases blood flow into the glomerulus and raises filtration

  2. B

    It causes the kidneys to retain sodium and water, which directly blocks filtration

  3. C

    It inflames the kidney interstitium, reducing filtration

  4. D

    It raises upstream pressure that is transmitted toward the kidney and opposes filtration

19
Fill in the blank
1 point

In postrenal AKI, prolonged obstruction can cause , whereas timely relief may allow .

20
Fill in the blank
1 point

A patient develops AKI after rhabdomyolysis. The material released from damaged muscle that is listed as an example associated with intrinsic AKI is .