Public Policy and Governance Free Online FlashCards

What is public policy?

Public policy is deliberate government action—or intentional inaction—to address a public problem.

What does governance encompass?

Governance is the broader process through which public decisions are made, implemented, monitored, and revised.

What are the main stages of the policy cycle?

The policy cycle commonly includes problem identification, agenda setting, design, adoption, implementation, and evaluation.

What are four broad policy instruments?

The four broad instruments are expenditure, taxation, regulation, and information or coordination.

How does the U.S. political system distribute authority?

The United States combines separation of powers with federalism: authority is divided among branches and among national, state, and local governments.

What is a key policy effect of China’s centralized governance?

China’s centralized party-state governance can mobilize resources rapidly, but local reinterpretation and upward reporting can create implementation and accountability risks.

What is distinctive about EU governance?

The European Union uses multilevel governance: common institutions share authority with member states, which implement many EU policies.

How do policy adoption and implementation differ?

Policy adoption gives a policy legal or political authority; implementation is the process of carrying it out through agencies and other institutions.

What is universal health coverage?

Universal health coverage means people can access needed quality health services without financial hardship.

What are the World Bank’s three social protection pillars?

The three broad pillars are social assistance, social insurance, and labor-market programs.

What does the Global Compact on Refugees promote?

The Global Compact on Refugees promotes responsibility-sharing, refugee self-reliance, third-country solutions, and safe, dignified return when possible.

What are nationally determined contributions?

The Paris Agreement requires parties to prepare, communicate, and maintain successive nationally determined contributions describing intended climate actions.