01
True or false
1 point
A person behaves in a way that violates social expectations, but the behavior is not prohibited by criminal law. Is the behavior deviant but not a crime?
Free Practice Quiz Question List
1 Foundations of Criminology Online Quiz Questions
Use this free practice quiz with 20 questions to review 1 Foundations of Criminology, test your knowledge, and prepare for your next test or exam.
20 questions
02
Choose one
1 point
A criminologist proposes an explanation for a pattern of offending. Which feature would make the explanation useful as a criminological theory?
- A
It must explain every crime in every setting without exceptions.
- B
It should make clear, testable claims that can be compared with evidence.
- C
It should rely only on official police records.
- D
It should describe social expectations without making claims about crime.
03
Fill in the blank
1 point
A person learns techniques for fraud and justifications for it from close associates. This explanation uses a approach.
04
Choose one
1 point
A researcher studies whether neighborhood instability and weakened local ties make it harder for residents to address shared problems. Which approach most directly fits this focus?
- A
Labeling approach
- B
Strain approach
- C
Social disorganization approach
- D
Social learning approach
05
Written response
1 point
What term does the material use for conduct prohibited by a jurisdiction’s criminal law and subject to formal punishment?
06
True or false
1 point
Criminological perspectives can complement one another rather than provide mutually exclusive explanations.
- A
True
- B
False
07
Choose all
1 point
A study finds that neighborhood disadvantage and recorded crime occur together. Select all conclusions that are justified by this finding alone.
- A
The association alone does not show that neighborhood disadvantage caused recorded crime.
- B
Recorded crime must be an accurate measure of every offense that occurred.
- C
Researchers should consider alternative explanations for the association.
- D
The association proves that changing neighborhood disadvantage will change crime.
08
Fill in the blank
1 point
Guidance from family or community is an example of social control.
09
Choose one
1 point
After an official label limits a person's opportunities and affects their identity, a researcher examines how those consequences shape later behavior. Which approach is most directly relevant?
- A
Strain approach
- B
Labeling approach
- C
Choice and deterrence approach
- D
Social disorganization approach
10
Written response
1 point
A researcher examines how obstacles to socially valued goals create pressure and how available coping options may shape a person’s response. Name the criminological approach.
11
Choose all
1 point
Select all questions that fit conflict and critical approaches to crime.
- A
They treat laws as identical across places and time periods.
- B
They examine how power and inequality influence the creation and enforcement of laws.
- C
They explain crime only through individual psychological traits.
- D
They ask whose harms receive attention and how justice systems affect different groups.
12
Choose one
1 point
A policy justifies confinement as a way to prevent a person from causing further harm while confined. Which intended purpose of punishment does this describe?
- A
Supporting rehabilitation
- B
Expressing accountability
- C
Preventing further harm through confinement
- D
Deterring future offending
13
True or false
1 point
A biological or psychological factor, by itself, establishes that a person will offend.
- A
True
- B
False
14
Open ended
1 point
A community wants to understand repeated shoplifting. Explain how two different criminological perspectives could investigate the pattern. For each perspective, state what it would focus on and what evidence could help examine that explanation.
15
Choose one
1 point
A researcher investigates what conditions influence offending and how social responses to crime affect communities. Which field most directly describes this work?
- A
Criminology
- B
Criminal justice
- C
Social control
- D
Deviance
16
Choose one
1 point
A person behaves in a way that violates a community's social expectations, but the conduct is not prohibited by criminal law. Which conclusion best fits the distinction between crime and deviance?
- A
It is a crime because any violation of social expectations is criminal.
- B
It may be deviant without being a crime because it violates social expectations but not criminal law.
- C
It is a crime only if most people consider it immoral.
- D
It is neither deviant nor criminal because it is legal.
17
Written response
1 point
A researcher wants to learn about some offenses that victims did not report to police. What research method could help capture those experiences?
18
Choose one
1 point
A person learns techniques for committing fraud and justifications for it from close associates. Which criminological approach most directly explains this pattern?
- A
Strain approach
- B
Social control approach
- C
Social learning approach
- D
Labeling approach
19
Written response
1 point
What term describes conduct that violates social expectations, whether or not it violates criminal law?
20
Choose one
1 point
A study examines whether residential instability and concentrated disadvantage weaken a neighborhood's ability to address local problems together. Which approach most directly fits this focus?
- A
Social learning approach
- B
Social disorganization approach
- C
Choice and deterrence approach
- D
Biological and psychological approach