Free Practice Quiz Question List

3 Endocrine System Physiology Online Quiz Questions

Use this free practice quiz with 20 questions to review 3 Endocrine System Physiology, test your knowledge, and prepare for your next test or exam.

20 questions

Choose one

1 point

A hormone circulates through the blood, but only some cells change their activity. What best explains this difference?

A
Every cell responds because the hormone circulates in the blood.
B
Only cells with the appropriate receptor respond to the hormone.
C
Only cells near the gland that released the hormone respond.
D
A cell responds only if the hormone enters its nucleus.

Written response

1 point

Which endocrine gland releases melatonin, a hormone that contributes to sleep timing?

Choose one

1 point

As thyroid hormone levels rise, which response helps limit further thyroid hormone release?

A
It stimulates the hypothalamus and pituitary to release more thyroid-stimulating signals.
B
It triggers oxytocin release that strengthens uterine contractions.
C
It suppresses hypothalamic and pituitary signals that stimulate the thyroid.
D
It causes the adrenal medulla to release catecholamines.

Choose all

1 point

Select all accurate descriptions of hormone chemistry and receptor location.

A
Peptide and protein hormones generally bind cell-surface receptors.
B
Catecholamines such as epinephrine generally bind cell-surface receptors.
C
Steroid hormones typically bind cell-surface receptors rather than entering target cells.
D
Thyroid hormones act through intracellular receptors.

Choose one

1 point

After a meal, a person's blood glucose rises. Which response is most directly stimulated by this change in blood chemistry?

A
Pancreatic beta cells release insulin.
B
The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine.
C
The pancreas releases glucagon to raise blood glucose.
D
The parathyroids release PTH to raise blood calcium.

Written response

1 point

When blood osmolarity increases, which hormone is released to help the kidneys conserve water?

Choose all

1 point

Select all accurate statements about endocrine glands and organs.

A
Endocrine glands release hormones into surrounding fluid rather than through ducts.
B
PTH raises blood calcium when it falls below its regulated range.
C
Calcitonin can lower blood calcium.
D
The pancreas has no endocrine function because it is also a digestive organ.

Fill in the blank

1 point

The pituitary hormone stimulates the thyroid, while stimulates the adrenal cortex.

Fill in the blank

1 point

During labor, oxytocin strengthens uterine contractions, and contraction-related signals promote further oxytocin release. This is feedback, and the cycle ends after .

Open ended

1 point

Explain how hormonal signals help restore blood volume and pressure when blood pressure or volume falls. Include the roles of kidney-released renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, and ADH.

Choose one

1 point

After food intake, which statement best describes one way digestive and endocrine activity can be coordinated?

A
Gut hormones prevent the pancreas from responding to food intake.
B
Gut hormones can help regulate insulin secretion after food intake.
C
Gut hormones replace the need for pancreatic hormones to regulate blood glucose.
D
Gut hormones act only on the digestive tract and cannot influence other organs.

Choose one

1 point

A hormone circulates through the blood and reaches many tissues. Which cells will change their activity in response to it?

A
Every cell the hormone passes
B
Cells with the appropriate receptor
C
Only cells in the gland that released it
D
Only cells connected directly to a nerve

Choose one

1 point

A newly released peptide hormone changes the activity of a target cell. Which signaling route is most consistent with the hormone’s chemical class?

A
They usually cross the cell membrane and bind receptors inside the cell.
B
They act only after entering the bloodstream from a duct.
C
They generally bind cell-surface receptors and activate intracellular signaling.
D
They bind only to receptors in the nucleus.

True or false

1 point

The posterior pituitary stores and releases ADH and oxytocin that are made by hypothalamic neurons.

A
True
B
False

Written response

1 point

High blood glucose directly prompts pancreatic beta cells to release insulin. What type of stimulus is this?

Choose one

1 point

Thyroid hormone levels rise in the blood. Which response best illustrates negative feedback in the hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid pathway?

A
Rising thyroid hormone levels reduce upstream signals that stimulate the thyroid.
B
Rising thyroid hormone levels cause the hypothalamus to increase thyroid-stimulating signals.
C
A nerve signal directly prompts the thyroid to release more hormone.
D
Blood calcium changes directly trigger the thyroid to release insulin.

Written response

1 point

When blood pressure or volume falls, the kidneys release renin, initiating a system that produces a mediator that narrows blood vessels. Name that mediator.

Choose one

1 point

During acute stress, sympathetic nerve activity triggers the adrenal medulla to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Which type of stimulus directly triggers this secretion?

A
A humoral stimulus causes the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone.
B
A hormonal stimulus causes the thyroid to release T₃ and T₄.
C
A positive-feedback signal causes the pancreas to release glucagon.
D
A neural stimulus causes the adrenal medulla to release epinephrine and norepinephrine.

True or false

1 point

A person's blood calcium falls below its regulated range. True or false: parathyroid hormone is expected to help raise the blood calcium level.

A
True
B
False

True or false

1 point

True or false: Neural signals always act rapidly and briefly, while hormones always act slowly and sustain their effects.

A
True
B
False