01
True or false
1 point
True or false: The kidneys produce renin and erythropoietin and activate vitamin D.
Free Practice Quiz Question List
6 Renal System Physiology Online Quiz Questions
Use this free practice quiz with 20 questions to review 6 Renal System Physiology, test your knowledge, and prepare for your next test or exam.
20 questions
02
Choose one
1 point
Which description correctly locates the kidney’s cortex and medulla?
- A
The medulla is outermost, and the cortex is innermost.
- B
The cortex is outermost, and the medulla is innermost.
- C
The cortex and medulla are both parts of the renal pelvis.
- D
The cortex surrounds the ureter, while the medulla surrounds the renal pelvis.
03
Written response
1 point
What is the name of the arteriole that carries blood into the glomerulus?
04
Fill in the blank
1 point
In a healthy kidney, filtered glucose is normally .
05
Choose all
1 point
Select all functions that the kidneys perform to help maintain the body’s internal environment.
- A
Regulating blood pH
- B
Regulating water and electrolyte levels
- C
Regulating blood volume and pressure
- D
Producing digestive enzymes
06
True or false
1 point
True or false: When ADH levels are low, the kidneys reabsorb more water and produce a smaller volume of more concentrated urine.
- A
True
- B
False
07
Choose one
1 point
During dehydration, which change is expected as ADH rises?
- A
Collecting ducts become less permeable to water, producing a larger volume of dilute urine.
- B
Collecting ducts become more permeable to water, producing a smaller volume of concentrated urine.
- C
The proximal tubule stops reabsorbing sodium, producing a larger volume of concentrated urine.
- D
The loop of Henle becomes impermeable to water, preventing urine concentration.
08
Written response
1 point
Which hormone, other than renin, do the kidneys produce?
09
Choose all
1 point
Select all effects of aldosterone described in the regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance.
- A
Increased sodium reabsorption in the distal nephron
- B
Increased potassium secretion
- C
Increased glucose reabsorption in the collecting duct
- D
Decreased sodium reabsorption in the distal nephron
10
Fill in the blank
1 point
When the body has excess acid, the kidneys increase and conserve or generate .
11
Choose one
1 point
How does the loop of Henle support water conservation when the body needs to retain water?
- A
It makes the glomerulus permeable to blood cells.
- B
It directly sends reabsorbed substances from the tubule into capillaries.
- C
It establishes a medullary concentration gradient that helps collecting ducts conserve water.
- D
It prevents the distal nephron from adjusting sodium reabsorption.
12
Choose one
1 point
A substance enters the filtrate but is not reabsorbed. What can happen to it?
- A
It must return to the blood through the capillaries alongside the tubule.
- B
It is converted into filtrate again in the glomerulus.
- C
It remains in the tubular fluid and can be excreted in urine.
- D
It cannot leave the kidney because it has entered the filtrate.
13
Open ended
1 point
A person is dehydrated, and their blood volume has also fallen. Explain how ADH and RAAS help the kidneys conserve fluid, describe the expected urine change, and state how these responses help support blood pressure.
14
Choose one
1 point
In a person with healthy kidney function, what normally happens to glucose that is filtered into the nephron?
- A
It remains in the bloodstream because it cannot be filtered.
- B
It enters the filtrate and is normally reabsorbed by the kidney.
- C
It is normally secreted into the tubule and excreted.
- D
It is converted into bicarbonate in the collecting duct.
15
Written response
1 point
What active form of vitamin D do the kidneys produce?
16
True or false
1 point
The lungs help stabilize blood pH by adjusting carbon dioxide removal, while the kidneys provide longer-term control.
- A
True
- B
False
17
Choose one
1 point
Which route correctly describes blood flow through a glomerulus?
- A
Blood enters through the efferent arteriole and leaves through the afferent arteriole.
- B
Blood enters and leaves through the afferent arteriole.
- C
Blood enters through the afferent arteriole and leaves through the efferent arteriole.
- D
Blood enters and leaves through the efferent arteriole.
18
Written response
1 point
Which nephron segment reclaims most filtered water and sodium under normal conditions?
19
Choose one
1 point
How does the loop of Henle help the kidneys conserve water when needed?
- A
It helps establish a medullary concentration gradient that supports water conservation.
- B
It makes the collecting ducts impermeable to water in all conditions.
- C
It produces bicarbonate for excretion in urine.
- D
It prevents sodium from being reabsorbed anywhere in the nephron.
20
Choose one
1 point
When ADH levels are low, what change in urine production is expected?
- A
More water returns to the blood, producing a smaller volume of concentrated urine.
- B
More sodium is reabsorbed in the distal nephron.
- C
More hydrogen ions are filtered into Bowman’s capsule.
- D
Less water is reabsorbed, producing more dilute urine.