01
Fill in the blank
1 point
In a cross-section of a kidney, the outer region is the , while the inner region is the .
Free Practice Quiz Question List
6 The Renal System Online Quiz Questions
Use this free practice quiz with 20 questions to review 6 The Renal System, test your knowledge, and prepare for your next test or exam.
20 questions
02
True or false
1 point
True or false: In a healthy kidney, nearly all filtered glucose is normally reabsorbed into the blood.
- A
True
- B
False
03
Written response
1 point
A typical adult produces far less urine than the total fluid filtered by the kidneys. About how many liters of fluid are filtered per day?
04
Written response
1 point
A clinician describes the volume filtered from glomerular capillaries into Bowman’s capsules per minute. What is this rate called?
05
Fill in the blank
1 point
Complete the route urine takes before it reaches the bladder: collecting ducts → → → bladder.
06
True or false
1 point
True or false: The lungs regulate carbon dioxide, while the kidneys provide a slower, sustained contribution to acid–base regulation.
- A
True
- B
False
07
Choose all
1 point
Which substances may move from blood into tubular fluid by tubular secretion? Select all that apply.
- A
Hydrogen ions
- B
Nearly all filtered glucose under normal conditions
- C
Potassium in certain conditions
- D
Many drugs and waste products
08
Choose all
1 point
Which structures are components of a nephron? Select all that apply.
- A
Glomerulus
- B
Bowman’s capsule
- C
Renal pelvis
- D
Distal tubule
09
Open ended
1 point
Explain how kidney tubules help maintain blood pH. Include the roles of bicarbonate, hydrogen ions, and buffered acid excretion.
10
Choose one
1 point
After urine drains from the kidney’s medulla, which structure does it enter next?
- A
Renal pelvis
- B
Ureter
- C
Bladder
- D
Urethra
11
Choose one
1 point
Which physiological process do the kidneys help support, beyond forming urine?
- A
Bile production
- B
Insulin secretion
- C
Red blood cell production
- D
Airway mucus production
12
True or false
1 point
During normal glomerular filtration, blood cells and most large proteins pass from the glomerular capillaries into Bowman’s capsule.
- A
True
- B
False
13
Written response
1 point
What is the name of the nephron structure consisting of a glomerulus enclosed by Bowman’s capsule?
14
Choose one
1 point
A person has normal kidney function. What normally happens to glucose that has been filtered into the nephron?
- A
Glucose is normally eliminated in urine without being reabsorbed.
- B
Nearly all filtered glucose normally returns from the tubule to the blood.
- C
Glucose moves from the blood into the tubule as the main step of filtration.
- D
Glucose is produced in the renal pelvis.
15
Written response
1 point
What term names the volume of fluid filtered by the kidneys per minute?
16
Choose one
1 point
When the body needs to conserve water, which kidney response is expected as antidiuretic hormone (ADH) acts on the collecting ducts?
- A
Increase ADH action so more water is reabsorbed and urine becomes more concentrated.
- B
Decrease ADH action so more water is reabsorbed and urine becomes more concentrated.
- C
Increase ADH action so less water is reabsorbed and urine becomes more dilute.
- D
Decrease ADH action so less water remains in the tubule and urine becomes more concentrated.
17
Choose one
1 point
Which example describes tubular secretion rather than filtration or reabsorption?
- A
Useful substances move from the tubular fluid back into the blood.
- B
Water and small solutes move from glomerular capillaries into Bowman’s capsule.
- C
Many drugs and waste products move from the blood into tubular fluid.
- D
Urine moves from the renal pelvis into the ureter.
18
Choose one
1 point
When the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system promotes aldosterone release, what change does aldosterone cause in the distal nephron?
- A
It decreases sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in the distal nephron.
- B
It increases sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in the distal nephron.
- C
It increases glucose secretion and prevents water from following sodium.
- D
It makes the collecting ducts impermeable to water in all conditions.
19
Choose one
1 point
During sustained compensation for an acid load, which renal response helps eliminate acid while supporting blood buffering?
- A
Secrete hydrogen ions and reabsorb filtered bicarbonate; excrete buffered acid to add newly generated bicarbonate to the blood.
- B
Reabsorb hydrogen ions and secrete bicarbonate into the urine to remove nonvolatile acids.
- C
Excrete bicarbonate while retaining hydrogen ions in the blood.
- D
Rely on rapid carbon dioxide removal as the kidneys’ main acid–base response.
20
Choose one
1 point
If kidney perfusion falls, which response described in the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system helps support blood pressure?
- A
The kidneys stop adjusting solute excretion.
- B
Renin initiates a cascade that produces angiotensin II, which supports blood pressure.
- C
The kidneys increase glucose excretion as their primary response.
- D
The ureters increase water reabsorption.