The regression results from the synthetic customer example establish findings about real customers.
8 End-to-End Data Analysis Project Online Quiz Questions
Use this free practice quiz with 20 questions to review 8 End-to-End Data Analysis Project, test your knowledge, and prepare for your next test or exam.
An analyst receives a table and wants to interpret its rows correctly before choosing a target or features. Which project-planning question should they answer first?
- A
The target
- B
The unit of observation
- C
The success criteria
- D
The data type
A numeric variable has a strongly skewed distribution with a few extreme values. Which measure of central tendency is often more representative than the mean?
A field is missing because its value may not have been recorded or may not apply. Do not automatically replace it with .
A value in an age column is the text unknown. When parsing the column numerically using the example's explicit rule, what should happen to that entry?
- A
Treat the text as an age of zero
- B
Keep the text unchanged as a numeric value
- C
Convert the unparseable entry to a missing value
- D
Delete every row containing an age
A scatter plot shows that income and spending tend to rise together. By itself, this pattern establishes that higher income causes higher spending.
- A
True
- B
False
An analyst is choosing plots for exploratory data analysis. Which statements correctly match a plot type to its use? Select all correct choices.
- A
Use a histogram to examine the distribution of a numeric variable.
- B
Use a histogram to compare counts across named categories.
- C
Use a bar chart to compare counts across categories.
- D
Use a bar chart to show the relationship between two numeric variables.
Which evaluation metric measures average absolute prediction error in the target's units?
To avoid an error when the encoder encounters a previously unseen category, the example configures OneHotEncoder with .
A customer dataset has numeric features age and income and a categorical feature region. Which preprocessing plan matches the example?
- A
Numeric features: most-frequent imputation and one-hot encoding; categorical feature: median imputation and standardization
- B
Numeric features: median imputation and standardization; categorical feature: most-frequent imputation and one-hot encoding
- C
All features: median imputation and standardization only
- D
Numeric features: one-hot encoding; categorical feature: standardization only
A team wants others to rerun its analysis and inspect its outputs. Which project practices support that goal? Select all correct choices.
- A
Keep the original input unchanged.
- B
Save only cleaned data and discard the original input.
- C
Record the software versions used.
- D
Save figures rather than relying only on notebook display.
A model will be used to predict future outcomes from time-ordered data. Which evaluation approach best reflects that intended use?
- A
Use a random split because it is always representative.
- B
Use the same random split for every time-ordered prediction task.
- C
Evaluate only on training data to match the available history.
- D
Choose a split that reflects predicting future observations.
A regression model is evaluated on held-out data and does not meaningfully outperform a simple baseline that predicts the training-set mean. Explain how the team should interpret this result and what it should reconsider, while preserving a sound final evaluation.
A missing value should not automatically be replaced with zero, because it may mean “not recorded” or “not applicable.”
- A
True
- B
False
A numeric age field contains the text value “unknown.” If the cleaning step parses values numerically and coerces invalid text, what should happen to that entry?
- A
Treat “unknown” as the age zero.
- B
Convert “unknown” to a missing value because it cannot be parsed as a number.
- C
Keep “unknown” as a valid numeric age.
- D
Replace every age with the column maximum.
A numeric feature has a strongly skewed distribution with a few extreme values. Which summary is often more representative of a typical observation?
- A
Use the mean because extreme values cannot affect it.
- B
Use the minimum because it is the least affected by skew.
- C
Consider the median because extreme values can pull the mean.
- D
Use the maximum because it summarizes the typical value.
After removing surrounding whitespace from region labels, which string method is used to standardize their capitalization?
A scatter plot shows an association between income and spending. Which conclusion is justified by that plot alone?
- A
The plotted relationship proves that income causes spending to change.
- B
The plot may show an association, but it does not by itself prove causation.
- C
A scatter plot proves that the variables are unrelated.
- D
The relationship must be caused by the region category.
Which metric measures average absolute prediction error in the target’s units?
A dataset has numeric features that need median imputation and scaling, plus a categorical feature that needs imputation and one-hot encoding. Why is a column transformer useful?
- A
It ensures every column is converted to text before modeling.
- B
It removes the need to inspect missing values.
- C
It applies different preprocessing steps to different types of columns.
- D
It makes the test set part of the training set.