05 Filipino Migration and Colonial Histories Free Online FlashCards

When did the United States take control of the Philippines?

The United States took control of the Philippines after defeating Spain in 1898.

When did the United States recognize Philippine independence?

The United States recognized Philippine independence on July 4, 1946, after World War II interrupted the planned transition.

What were two early reasons Filipinos migrated to the United States?

Some came for education or colonial-government training, while recruiters brought laborers to work on Hawaiʻi’s sugar plantations.

Where did some Filipino sailors find work after traveling across the Pacific?

Some worked as sailors and traveled to Alaska’s salmon canneries, farms, and West Coast cities.

What was the immigration status of Filipinos before 1934?

Before 1934, Filipinos were U.S. nationals, not U.S. citizens, and could migrate more freely than many other Asians.

How did the Tydings–McDuffie Act change Filipino immigration?

It reclassified Filipinos as aliens for immigration purposes and limited arrivals to 50 per year.

What workplace hardships did Filipino migrants commonly face?

Workers often received low wages and poor housing and faced racial prejudice and exclusion from some unions.

Why did many Filipino migrant communities center on shared spaces?

Many migrants were single men, so communities often formed around shared housing, restaurants, social clubs, and gathering places rather than nuclear-family households.

What role did Stockton’s Little Manila play for Filipino migrants?

Stockton’s Little Manila grew alongside agricultural employment and offered businesses and social spaces where migrants could find work, companionship, and support.

What does manong mean, and whom did it describe?

Manong is an Ilokano term of respect for an older brother or male relative; it came to describe many members of the early migrant generation.

How did Larry Itliong contribute to labor organizing before Delano?

In 1930, Itliong joined a farmworker strike in Washington; in later years, he helped organize agricultural and cannery workers.

What action did Filipino AWOC members take in Delano in September 1965?

In September 1965, Filipino members of the Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee voted to strike grape growers for better wages and conditions.