2 Stress and Health Free Online FlashCards

What is stress?

Stress is a coordinated response to a challenge that threatens or seems to threaten well-being or the ability to cope.

Which system drives the fast stress response?

The fast SAM response involves sympathetic nerves and the adrenal medulla releasing norepinephrine and epinephrine.

What helps the body move back toward rest after a challenge?

As a challenge passes, parasympathetic activity helps the body return toward its resting state.

What is the signaling sequence in the HPA axis?

The hypothalamus signals the pituitary gland, which signals the adrenal glands to release cortisol.

Name examples of physical stressors.

Physical stressors include injury, illness, pain, and extreme temperatures.

What does appraisal mean in the context of stress?

Appraisal is how a person interprets a situation and judges their ability to manage it.

What is allostatic load?

Allostatic load is the cumulative physiological burden that can build when stress activation is frequent or recovery is inadequate.

What is a stressor?

A stressor is a challenge that threatens or is perceived to threaten a person’s well-being or ability to cope.

What does SAM activation prepare the body to do?

SAM activation raises heart rate and blood pressure, makes more energy available, and shifts blood flow to support action.

What does cortisol do during a challenge?

Cortisol helps regulate energy use and other functions during a challenge; its effects depend on timing, intensity, and duration.

Name examples of psychological or social stressors.

Psychological and social stressors include conflict, caregiving demands, financial hardship, discrimination, work pressure, and uncertainty.

What two appraisals commonly shape a response to a stressor?

People may first judge whether an event matters and signals harm, threat, or challenge, then assess options and resources such as time, skills, health, and support.