3 IV Fluids and Infusion Management Free Online FlashCards

What is the purpose of IV fluid resuscitation?

Resuscitation treats urgent circulatory volume loss.

What fluid is commonly used initially for acute hypovolemia, and what follows?

An isotonic crystalloid is commonly used initially, according to clinical context and local protocol. Reassess the patient's response after it is given.

Are ongoing gastrointestinal losses necessarily covered by maintenance fluids alone?

No. Guide the plan by the amount and nature of ongoing losses, existing deficits, other intake, examination, and laboratory results; reassess and adjust through the appropriate clinician.

When should oral or enteral intake be used instead of IV fluids?

Use the oral or enteral route when it can meet the patient's needs, and reassess whether IV therapy is still needed.

How is an IV pump rate calculated?

Pump rate $mL/hr$ = $\frac{\text{volume (mL)}}{\text{time (hr)}}$.

How is a gravity infusion rate calculated?

Gravity rate $gtt/min$ = $\frac{\text{volume (mL)}\times\text{drop factor (gtt/mL)}}{\text{time (min)}}$.

What must be checked before calculating a gravity rate?

Check the drop factor printed on the actual administration set. Round the calculated gravity rate to a whole drop per minute.

Intake is 1,250 mL and output is 900 mL. What is the net balance?

Net balance is $1{,}250\ \mathrm{mL}-900\ \mathrm{mL}=+350\ \mathrm{mL}$.

What should a clinician do if breathlessness and increasing edema develop during an infusion?

New breathlessness and edema may indicate fluid overload. Promptly assess and escalate according to local policy; do not change the prescribed rate unless authorized.

What is the purpose of IV fluid maintenance?

Maintenance provides routine fluid needs when oral intake is inadequate.

What is the purpose of IV fluid replacement?

Replacement addresses existing or ongoing fluid losses.

What does reassessment of IV fluid therapy check?

Reassessment checks whether the fluid plan remains appropriate.