5 Kinship Relations and Systems Free Online FlashCards

How do family and household differ?

A family is a socially recognized group connected by descent, marriage, adoption, partnership, or other enduring ties; a household shares a residence and often organizes daily life.

What distinguishes consanguineal from affinal kin?

Consanguineal relatives are connected through a socially recognized descent or birth tie; affinal relatives are connected through marriage.

In kinship analysis, what are Ego and kindred?

Ego is the person whose relationships are being described; a kindred is that person's Ego-centered network of relatives.

What is characteristic of Inuit kinship terminology?

Inuit terminology uses specific terms for close nuclear-family relations, often using the same terms for relatives on either side at comparable generations; cousins are generally grouped together.

What do patrilineal and matrilineal descent specify?

Patrilineal descent affiliates children with their father's kin group; matrilineal descent affiliates them with their mother's kin group. Neither term by itself determines authority.

How does a lineage differ from a clan?

A lineage traces descent from a known ancestor; a clan typically claims a common ancestor whose exact links may not be known.

What distinguishes patrilocal from matrilocal residence?

Patrilocal residence places a couple with or near the husband's parents or kin; matrilocal residence places them with or near the wife's parents or kin.

Why is matrilineal descent not the same as matriarchy?

Matrilineal descent means group membership passes through the mother's line; it does not mean women automatically hold greater authority or that the society is a matriarchy.

What functions can descent groups organize?

Descent groups may organize mutual aid, property rights, inheritance, marriage rules, ritual responsibilities, and political leadership; their roles vary across societies.

How does Hawaiian kinship terminology group relatives?

Hawaiian terminology groups many relatives together: siblings and cousins may share terms, as may parents and their same-generation relatives.

What distinction is central to Iroquois kinship terminology?

Iroquois terminology distinguishes parallel cousins from cross-cousins and uses the same terms for a parent and that parent's same-gender sibling.

How do Crow and Omaha terminology patterns differ?

Crow and Omaha terminology distinguish family sides and cousin categories while merging certain relatives across generations: on the father's side in Crow systems and the mother's side in Omaha systems.