6 Acids and Bases Free Online FlashCards

What does a Brønsted–Lowry acid do?

An acid donates a proton, $\mathrm{H^+}$, in the Brønsted–Lowry model.

What happens to hydronium in water when an acid is added?

Acids increase the amount of hydronium ions, $\mathrm{H_3O^+}$, in water.

What does pH describe?

pH describes how acidic or basic an aqueous solution is.

How do pH values classify solutions at room temperature?

At room temperature, pH below $7$ is acidic, pH $7$ is neutral, and pH above $7$ is basic.

How does hydrogen-ion concentration compare at pH $3$ and pH $4$?

A solution at pH $3$ has ten times the hydrogen-ion concentration of one at pH $4$.

What is a common mathematical definition of pH?

$\mathrm{pH}=-\log_{10}[\mathrm{H^+}]$

How do acid strength and concentration differ?

Strength describes how extensively an acid or base ionizes in water; concentration describes how much is present in a given volume.

What happens to blue litmus in acid?

Blue litmus turns red in an acidic solution.

What is universal indicator or pH paper used for?

Universal indicator or pH paper displays a range of colors that helps estimate pH.

What is the net ionic reaction between hydrogen and hydroxide ions?

$\mathrm{H^+ + OH^- \rightarrow H_2O}$

Does every acid–base reaction produce a solution at pH $7$?

No. The final pH depends on the amounts and the acid and base involved; equal reacting amounts of a strong acid and strong base produce a neutral solution under typical conditions.

How can magnesium hydroxide antacids help relieve heartburn?

Antacids such as magnesium hydroxide help relieve heartburn by reacting with some excess stomach acid.