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05 Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition Online Quiz Questions

Use this free practice quiz with 20 questions to review 05 Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition, test your knowledge, and prepare for your next test or exam.

20 questions
01
Choose one
1 point

When a nucleophile adds to an aldehyde or ketone, which atom does it attack to form the new bond?

  1. A

    The carbonyl oxygen

  2. B

    The carbonyl carbon

  3. C

    A hydrogen attached to the carbonyl carbon

  4. D

    An alkyl carbon elsewhere in the molecule

02
Choose one
1 point

Why are aldehydes generally more reactive than ketones toward nucleophilic addition?

  1. A

    Aldehydes have more alkyl groups that stabilize nucleophilic attack.

  2. B

    Aldehydes are less crowded and have fewer electron-donating alkyl groups.

  3. C

    Ketones lack a polarized carbonyl bond.

  4. D

    Aldehydes contain a carbon-based leaving group.

03
Fill in the blank
1 point

During nucleophilic addition, the carbonyl carbon changes from trigonal planar to hybridized.

04
Written response
1 point

What condition must be maintained during the carbonyl-addition step with a Grignard reagent to prevent it from being quenched by proton sources?

05
Choose all
1 point

Which statements correctly describe the alcohol products of Grignard addition followed by workup? Select all that apply.

  1. A

    Formaldehyde gives a primary alcohol after workup.

  2. B

    An aldehyde other than formaldehyde gives a secondary alcohol after workup.

  3. C

    A ketone gives a secondary alcohol after workup.

  4. D

    A ketone gives a tertiary alcohol after workup.

06
Fill in the blank
1 point

In the reaction of a primary amine with a carbonyl compound, the intermediate bearing both OH and NHR groups on the former carbonyl carbon is called a .

07
True or false
1 point

Strongly acidic conditions are generally preferred for imine formation because they increase the nucleophilicity of the amine. True or false?

  1. A

    True

  2. B

    False

08
Choose one
1 point

A secondary amine reacts with a carbonyl compound that has an α-hydrogen. Which product is generally formed after the addition and subsequent proton loss?

  1. A

    An imine, by loss of an N–H proton

  2. B

    A carbinolamine, with no further reaction possible

  3. C

    An enamine, by loss of a proton from a neighboring α-carbon

  4. D

    An alcohol, by protonation of the carbonyl oxygen

09
Written response
1 point

What bond at the former carbonyl carbon characterizes an imine? Enter its atom notation and bond order.

10
Choose all
1 point

Which approaches can help favor imine formation from a primary amine and a carbonyl compound? Select all that apply.

  1. A

    Use mild acid catalysis.

  2. B

    Use strongly acidic conditions to keep the amine fully protonated.

  3. C

    Remove water as it forms.

  4. D

    Use an appropriate excess of a reactant.

11
Open ended
1 point

A carbonyl compound reacts separately with a primary amine and a secondary amine under suitable mildly acidic conditions; assume an α-hydrogen is available. Compare the final product formed in each reaction and explain how the proton loss from the intermediate leads to the different products.

12
Choose one
1 point

During imine formation, what is the main role of acid in enabling dehydration of the carbinolamine intermediate?

  1. A

    It converts the amine into a stronger nucleophile by removing its N–H bond.

  2. B

    It converts the hydroxyl group into water, a better leaving group.

  3. C

    It prevents formation of the iminium intermediate.

  4. D

    It adds a carbon substituent to the carbonyl carbon.

13
Choose one
1 point

What alcohol results when propanone reacts with ethylmagnesium bromide followed by acidic workup?

  1. A

    2-butanol

  2. B

    2-methyl-1-butanol

  3. C

    2-methyl-2-butanol

  4. D

    3-methyl-2-butanol

14
Choose one
1 point

Under suitable mildly acidic conditions, what organic product class forms when a primary amine reacts with an aldehyde or ketone?

  1. A

    An imine

  2. B

    An enamine

  3. C

    An alcohol

  4. D

    A carbinolamine as the final product

15
Choose one
1 point

Why is a typical nucleophilic reaction of an aldehyde or ketone classified as addition rather than substitution?

  1. A

    The carbonyl oxygen leaves as a stable oxide ion.

  2. B

    A hydrogen on the carbonyl carbon is replaced by the nucleophile.

  3. C

    No carbon-based leaving group is attached to the carbonyl carbon.

  4. D

    The carbonyl carbon is too crowded to undergo substitution.

16
True or false
1 point

During nucleophilic addition, the carbonyl carbon changes from trigonal planar sp² to tetrahedral sp³.

  1. A

    True

  2. B

    False

17
Choose one
1 point

After aqueous or acidic workup, what class of alcohol results when a Grignard reagent adds to formaldehyde?

  1. A

    A primary alcohol

  2. B

    A secondary alcohol

  3. C

    A tertiary alcohol

  4. D

    An imine

18
True or false
1 point

True or false: In a Grignard addition, magnesium coordinates to the carbonyl carbon to help activate it before the reagent adds.

  1. A

    True

  2. B

    False

19
Written response
1 point

In planning a synthesis, an organolithium reagent is selected to attach an organic group to a carbonyl-derived carbon center. What type of bond forms between the transferred group and that carbon?

20
Written response
1 point

A chemist treats a ketone with hydroxylamine to prepare a carbonyl derivative for identification. What product class is formed?