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1 Foundations of Genetics and Mendelian Inheritance Online Quiz Questions

Use this free practice quiz with 20 questions to review 1 Foundations of Genetics and Mendelian Inheritance, test your knowledge, and prepare for your next test or exam.

20 questions
01
Written response
1 point

A pea plant has genotype Yy. What term describes an individual with two different alleles for a gene?

02
Written response
1 point

A biologist records an organism’s observable characteristics. What term names the characteristics being recorded?

03
Choose one
1 point

Two plants carry different versions of the same gene. What are those versions called?

  1. A

    Different characteristics of an organism

  2. B

    Different versions of a gene

  3. C

    The environment’s effects on an organism

  4. D

    The complete set of observable traits

04
True or false
1 point

In complete dominance, the recessive phenotype appears only when an individual has two recessive alleles for that gene.

  1. A

    True

  2. B

    False

05
True or false
1 point

A dominant allele must be more common in a population than the recessive allele at the same gene.

  1. A

    True

  2. B

    False

06
Choose one
1 point

Two plants have the same genotype for a trait but grow under different environmental conditions and show different observable characteristics. Which conclusion is supported?

  1. A

    The plants must have different genotypes because their appearances differ.

  2. B

    Their genotypes alone determine every observable characteristic.

  3. C

    Environmental conditions could contribute to the difference in appearance.

  4. D

    The plants must carry different alleles at every gene.

07
Choose all
1 point

Select all statements that accurately describe genes and alleles.

  1. A

    A gene is a DNA sequence that contributes to a biological function or trait.

  2. B

    Alleles are observable characteristics that are always unaffected by the environment.

  3. C

    Alleles are different versions of a gene.

  4. D

    A gene and an allele always mean the same thing.

08
Choose all
1 point

Select all practices that were part of Mendel’s experimental approach to studying inheritance.

  1. A

    He used plants that bred true for a characteristic.

  2. B

    He controlled which plants crossed.

  3. C

    He changed the plants’ environments to make every offspring identical.

  4. D

    He compared offspring across generations.

09
Fill in the blank
1 point

According to Mendel’s law of segregation, the two alleles separate during , so each receives one allele.

10
Fill in the blank
1 point

A true-breeding yellow pea plant (YY) is crossed with a true-breeding green pea plant (yy). The F₁ offspring have genotype and, with complete dominance, seed-color phenotype .

11
Choose one
1 point

Two pea plants with genotype Yy are crossed. Under complete dominance, what is the expected F₂ seed-color phenotype ratio?

  1. A

    1 yellow : 1 green

  2. B

    3 yellow : 1 green

  3. C

    1 yellow : 3 green

  4. D

    All green

12
Choose one
1 point

In a Mendelian cross, one form of a trait is not visible in the F₁ generation but reappears in F₂. Which interpretation best fits this observation?

  1. A

    The F₁ plants permanently lost the alternate form.

  2. B

    An allele can be passed on even when its associated form is not visible in an F₁ plant.

  3. C

    Traits must blend permanently in every generation.

  4. D

    Only environmental conditions can explain the F₂ result.

13
Choose one
1 point

Which genotype represents an individual that is homozygous for a gene?

  1. A

    YY

  2. B

    Yy

  3. C

    Neither genotype

14
Open ended
1 point

Two Yy pea plants are crossed. Explain why a small group of their F₂ offspring might not show exactly three yellow-seeded plants for every one green-seeded plant.

15
True or false
1 point

A dominant allele is necessarily more common in a population than a recessive allele.

  1. A

    True

  2. B

    False

16
Choose one
1 point

Two organisms have the same genotype for a trait but experience different environments. Which statement is supported by the material?

  1. A

    An organism's phenotype is determined only by its genotype.

  2. B

    Environmental influences can affect an organism's phenotype.

  3. C

    An organism's genotype is the set of characteristics it visibly displays.

  4. D

    Individuals with the same genotype must always have different phenotypes.

17
Written response
1 point

In the simplified pea seed-color example, how is the genotype YyYy classified?

18
Choose one
1 point

Which approach best matches Mendel's method for investigating whether a pea-plant trait was inherited?

  1. A

    Cross true-breeding plants with contrasting forms under controlled conditions, then compare offspring across generations.

  2. B

    Allow plants with different traits to cross at random and observe only one offspring.

  3. C

    Select offspring based on their environment and assume their alleles are identical.

  4. D

    Compare unrelated plants without tracking which parents produced the offspring.

19
Choose one
1 point

After a cross between true-breeding plants with contrasting forms of a trait, one form is not visible in the F₁ generation but reappears in F₂. Which inference best fits this pattern?

  1. A

    The alternate form was created by the environment in the F₂ generation.

  2. B

    The F₁ plants permanently lost the inherited information for the alternate form.

  3. C

    The alternate form could be carried by F₁ plants even when it was not visible.

  4. D

    Traits blend permanently in F₁ plants and then separate again in F₂.

20
Written response
1 point

What label did Mendel use for the first-generation offspring of a cross between true-breeding plants?