Free Practice Quiz Question List

6 Hypothesis Testing Online Quiz Questions

Use this free practice quiz with 20 questions to review 6 Hypothesis Testing, test your knowledge, and prepare for your next test or exam.

20 questions

True or false

1 point

True or false: Hypothesis tests state the null and alternative hypotheses about a sample statistic.

A
True
B
False

Choose one

1 point

A retailer wants to test whether a revised checkout reduces the population mean service time below 4 minutes. Let $\mu$ be the population mean service time after the revision. Which hypotheses match this question?

A
$H_0: \mu < 4$ ; $H_a: \mu = 4$
B
$H_0: \mu = 4$ ; $H_a: \mu < 4$
C
$H_0: \mu = 4$ ; $H_a: \mu > 4$
D
$H_0: \mu \ne 4$ ; $H_a: \mu = 4$

Fill in the blank

1 point

In hypothesis testing, the null and alternative hypotheses make claims about a , not a sample statistic.

True or false

1 point

True or false: If a hypothesis test fails to reject the null hypothesis, the null hypothesis has been proven true.

A
True
B
False

Choose one

1 point

A company tests whether a new checkout process lowers mean service time from 4 minutes. The test gives $p=0.032$ , with prespecified $\alpha=0.05$ . Which conclusion is best supported?

A
Fail to reject the null because the p-value is below the significance level.
B
Reject the null and conclude the checkout reduction is worth its implementation cost.
C
Reject the null; the result is statistically significant evidence that mean service time is lower.
D
Prove the alternative hypothesis because the p-value is less than 0.05.

Fill in the blank

1 point

Complete the decision rule: Reject $H_0$ when .

Choose all

1 point

Before relying on the result of a selected statistical test, which checks are appropriate? Select all that apply.

A
Check whether the observations are independent.
B
Assume independence whenever the sample size is large.
C
Check whether the method's distributional conditions are reasonable.
D
Choose a method appropriate for the parameter, data, and study design.

Choose one

1 point

Which statement gives the correct interpretation of a p-value?

A
The probability that the null hypothesis is true.
B
The probability, assuming the null hypothesis and test assumptions are true, of a test statistic at least as extreme as observed in the direction or directions specified by the alternative.
C
The probability that chance alone caused the observed result.
D
The probability that the alternative hypothesis is true.

Choose all

1 point

A researcher lowers the significance level $\alpha$ , keeping other conditions fixed. Which outcomes are consistent with the material? Select all that apply.

A
It can reduce the long-run Type I error rate under the test conditions.
B
All else equal, it can make a real effect harder to detect.
C
It guarantees that the study will have greater power.
D
It proves the null hypothesis whenever the result is not significant.

Written response

1 point

A test has $p=0.032$ and a prespecified significance level of $\alpha=0.05$ . What decision does the p-value rule give? State the decision in a short phrase.

Open ended

1 point

A business finds a statistically significant reduction in service time after changing its checkout process. What additional information should decision-makers consider before deciding whether to implement the change, and why?

Choose one

1 point

In a hypothesis test, what does the test statistic measure?

A
The probability that the null hypothesis is true.
B
The maximum probability of a Type I error chosen before the test.
C
How far the sample result is from what the null hypothesis predicts.
D
The probability that the observed effect is practically worthwhile.

Choose one

1 point

Which statement correctly describes a p-value in a hypothesis test?

A
The probability that the null hypothesis is true, given the observed data.
B
The probability, assuming the null hypothesis and test assumptions are true, of obtaining a test statistic at least as extreme as the observed one in the direction or directions specified by the alternative.
C
The probability that chance alone caused the observed result.
D
The probability that the alternative hypothesis is true, given the observed data.

Choose one

1 point

A clinic wants to know whether a new scheduling system changes the population mean waiting time in either direction. Which testing choice best matches the question?

A
Use a one-sided alternative because every test must predict a direction.
B
Use a two-sided alternative because either an increase or a decrease matters.
C
Put both possible directions in the null hypothesis.
D
Choose the direction after looking at the sample results.

Choose one

1 point

Which statement correctly interprets a p-value in a hypothesis test?

A
The probability that the null hypothesis is true.
B
The probability that chance alone caused the observed result.
C
Assuming the null hypothesis and test assumptions are true, the probability of a test statistic at least as extreme as the observed one in the direction or directions specified by the alternative.
D
The probability that the alternative hypothesis is true.

Choose one

1 point

A company tests whether a new checkout process lowers the population mean service time from 4 minutes. The test gives $p=0.032$ , and the prespecified significance level is $\alpha=0.05$ . Which conclusion is justified?

A
Reject the null hypothesis; the result provides statistically significant evidence that mean service time is lower.
B
Fail to reject the null hypothesis because the p-value is not zero.
C
Accept the null hypothesis as true because the p-value is below the significance level.
D
Conclude that the new process is worth implementing because the result is statistically significant.

True or false

1 point

A study fails to reject a null hypothesis that is actually false. This result proves that the null hypothesis is true.

A
True
B
False

Written response

1 point

What is the standard name for the error that occurs when a test fails to reject a false null hypothesis?

Written response

1 point

What is the standard term for the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when a specified alternative is true?

Written response

1 point

A test evaluates the null hypothesis that a population’s mean service time is 4 minutes. In reality, the mean is 4 minutes, but the test rejects the null hypothesis. What is this decision error called?