In what year did state ratification make the Nineteenth Amendment part of the U.S. Constitution?
8 Institutional Change and Comparative Cases Online Quiz Questions
Use this free practice quiz with 20 questions to review 8 Institutional Change and Comparative Cases, test your knowledge, and prepare for your next test or exam.
When movement goals or organizations gain a continuing place in official procedures, that process is called .
True or false: A movement can contribute to institutional change even if it loses a specific vote, for example by shifting public expectations or building organizations.
- A
True
- B
False
Which development is the clearest example of a movement goal becoming institutionalized?
- A
Officials make a one-time public statement acknowledging a protest.
- B
A new commission is established to continue addressing the movement’s concerns.
- C
A demonstration attracts attention but produces no continuing official process.
- D
An agency enforces existing rules against movement participants.
Which federal act addressed discriminatory barriers to voting in 1965?
Select all the actions that directly engage formal institutional decision-making channels, rather than primarily using disruption or building alliances.
- A
Organize a boycott to make an issue difficult for authorities to ignore.
- B
Lobby legislators about a proposed policy.
- C
Pursue litigation through the courts.
- D
Build alliances connecting constituencies with influential actors outside formal decision channels.
- E
Work through political parties or government agencies.
Which scenario best illustrates change in an informal norm rather than a formal rule?
- A
A legislature changes the formal procedure for registering voters.
- B
A court invalidates a law that restricted voting.
- C
Public expectations shift about who belongs in public life, without a change to written rules.
- D
An agency creates a regular public-comment process.
True or false: Institutional access may produce concrete reforms and trade-offs without automatically meaning that a movement has been co-opted.
- A
True
- B
False
Institutions may delay reform, enforce existing rules, repress activists, or concessions.
Which scenario best illustrates coalition-building and brokerage?
- A
A campaign stages a march to raise the public cost of ignoring an issue.
- B
A court enforces an existing rule against activists.
- C
An alliance links several constituencies with influential officials who can help translate their demands into policy.
- D
An agency adopts movement language but leaves its practices unchanged.
When assessing institutional change beyond the passage of laws, which dimensions should researchers examine? Select all that apply.
- A
Whether a policy is implemented.
- B
Whether a campaign won its most recent vote.
- C
Who has access to decision-making.
- D
Whether cultural norms changed.
- E
What unintended effects followed.
What institutional effect did federal civil rights legislation and its enforcement mechanisms have in the civil rights case?
- A
It replaced community organizing with state-level campaigns.
- B
It shifted authority toward the national government and provided tools for challenging discrimination.
- C
It ended the need for further political action by guaranteeing equal implementation.
- D
It limited the movement’s claims to changes in constitutional voting rules.
What commission did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 establish?
How did the Nineteenth Amendment change voting rules, and why did it not ensure equal access in practice? Identify at least one barrier affecting Black women and the citizenship-related barriers faced by many Native American women.
A movement challenges the widespread assumption that a particular group does not belong in public life. What kind of institution is it primarily challenging?
- A
A law that changes eligibility to vote
- B
An assumption about who belongs in public life
- C
A constitutional amendment ratified by states
- D
A regular procedure for public participation
What process label describes demonstrations, boycotts, and strikes making an issue difficult for authorities or the public to ignore?
Organizers build relationships with officials, lobby legislators, and pursue litigation to advance their demands. Which process best describes these activities?
- A
Institutionalization
- B
Resistance and redirection
- C
Negotiation and access
- D
Disruption and agenda-setting
A city creates a permanent public-participation channel in response to a movement's demands. Which process does this most directly illustrate?
- A
Institutionalization
- B
Disruption and agenda-setting
- C
Resistance and redirection
- D
Coalition-building and brokerage
True or false: When a movement gains institutional access, it has necessarily been co-opted and can no longer achieve meaningful gains.
- A
True
- B
False
After the Nineteenth Amendment became part of the Constitution, many Black women and Native American women still faced barriers to voting. What does this outcome best demonstrate?
- A
The amendment immediately removed every barrier to voting for women.
- B
The movement achieved only an informal change in public expectations.
- C
The amendment gave voting authority exclusively to state governments.
- D
A formal voting rule changed, but barriers still restricted access in practice.
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