02 Cells, Tissues, and Membranes Free Online FlashCards

How is the human body organized from cells to organ systems?

Cells form tissues, tissues form organs, and organs coordinate in organ systems.

What are two key functions of the plasma membrane?

The plasma membrane is a flexible phospholipid bilayer with proteins that regulate what enters and leaves the cell and help cells communicate.

What does the cytoplasm include?

Cytoplasm includes the fluid cytosol and the cell’s organelles.

What is the nucleus’s key role in a typical human cell?

The nucleus contains most of the cell’s DNA, which provides instructions for cell activities.

What do mitochondria do?

Mitochondria release usable energy from nutrients.

What do ribosomes build?

Ribosomes build proteins.

How do the roles of rough and smooth ER differ?

Rough ER helps make and process proteins, while smooth ER helps make lipids.

What does the Golgi apparatus do to cellular products?

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages cellular products for transport.

What is the main function of lysosomes?

Lysosomes digest materials and cellular waste.

What structures do epithelial tissues form, and what are their roles?

Epithelial cells form closely packed sheets that cover surfaces, line cavities and passageways, and make glands; they can protect, absorb, filter, or secrete.

What distinguishes connective tissue and what roles can it perform?

Connective tissue has cells within an extracellular matrix and supports, binds, protects, stores energy, or transports materials.

How do muscle cells produce movement or force?

Muscle cells contract in response to stimulation, producing movement or force.