05 Memory Free Online FlashCards

What processes make up memory?

Memory is the set of processes that encode information, retain it, and later retrieve it.

What does working memory do?

Working memory keeps a limited amount of information active while a person attends to or mentally processes it.

What is sensory memory?

Sensory memory briefly preserves incoming sensory information, such as a visual image lingering just after its stimulus disappears.

What kind of information does episodic memory hold?

Episodic memory is explicit memory for personal events, such as a birthday dinner.

What kind of knowledge is held in semantic memory?

Semantic memory is explicit memory for facts and concepts, such as knowing that Ottawa is Canada’s capital.

Which memory system supports learned skills such as riding a bicycle?

Procedural memory is implicit memory that supports learned skills, such as riding a bicycle, without requiring conscious recollection.

What is encoding, and what kind of processing often strengthens it?

Encoding transforms experience into a form that can be retained. Processing meaning often supports later memory better than focusing only on appearance or sound.

What happens during memory consolidation?

Consolidation stabilizes and integrates memories over time, helping explain why learning can continue after a study session.

What is recall?

Recall means producing information with few or no prompts, as when answering an essay question.

How does cued recall differ from recall without prompts?

Cued recall means producing information with a hint, such as a question that supplies a key term.

What is recognition in memory?

Recognition means identifying information encountered before, as on a multiple-choice test.

What is proactive interference?

Proactive interference occurs when older learning disrupts retrieval of newer learning, such as using a former password instead of a new one.