01
Front
What was the Marshall Plan?
Back
The European Recovery Program, commonly called the Marshall Plan, provided economic assistance to participating western European countries starting in 1948.
Free Online Flashcard Deck
10 Postwar Europe and the Cold War Free Online FlashCards
Study 10 Postwar Europe and the Cold War with 12 free online flashcards. Review key terms, definitions, and concepts with this interactive flashcard deck.
12 cards
02
Front
What did the Iron Curtain describe?
Back
The Iron Curtain was the division between a broadly capitalist, democratic West and a communist East dominated by the Soviet Union.
03
Front
What was the purpose of Schuman's coal and steel proposal?
Back
Robert Schuman proposed shared French and West German oversight of coal and steel production to tie former rivals together and make another war less likely.
04
Front
Why did many people move from former colonies to Europe after 1945?
Back
People moved from former colonies to Europe, often to join families or fill jobs during postwar reconstruction and economic growth.
05
Front
How did the Soviet Union respond to the Marshall Plan?
Back
The Soviet Union rejected the Marshall Plan and discouraged governments in its sphere from participating.
06
Front
How were eastern European economies reorganized after the war?
Back
Communist governments reorganized eastern European economies around state ownership and central planning, maintaining close ties to Moscow.
07
Front
How did the Western Allies respond to the Berlin blockade?
Back
After the Soviet Union blocked land routes in 1948, the Western Allies supplied the Western-controlled sectors of Berlin by air until the blockade ended in 1949.
08
Front
Which two German states were established in 1949?
Back
In 1949, West Germany became the Federal Republic of Germany, while East Germany became the German Democratic Republic.
09
Front
Who formed NATO, and when?
Back
The United States, Canada, and western European countries formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949.
10
Front
What prompted the formation of the Warsaw Pact?
Back
After West Germany joined NATO in 1955, the Soviet Union and its eastern European allies formed the Warsaw Pact.
11
Front
Why was the Berlin Wall built in 1961?
Back
East German authorities built the Berlin Wall in 1961 to stop people leaving for the West.
12
Front
What community did six countries establish in 1952?
Back
Six countries established the European Coal and Steel Community in 1952.