2 Antihypertensive Medications Free Online FlashCards

What defines stage 1 hypertension?

Stage 1 hypertension is systolic pressure of 130–139 mm Hg or diastolic pressure of 80–89 mm Hg.

Which classes are common first-line options for uncomplicated hypertension?

Common first-line options include an ACE inhibitor or ARB, a thiazide-type diuretic, or a long-acting dihydropyridine calcium-channel blocker.

What initial medication approach is preferred for stage 2 hypertension when appropriate?

When appropriate, starting two first-line agents from different classes is preferred for stage 2 hypertension; they may be given in one combination pill.

Which antihypertensive class may be useful in albuminuric kidney disease?

An ACE inhibitor or ARB may be especially useful for a patient with hypertension and albuminuric chronic kidney disease.

Should an ACE inhibitor and an ARB be combined for routine hypertension treatment?

Do not combine an ACE inhibitor with an ARB for routine hypertension treatment.

What should be monitored when starting or adjusting an ACE inhibitor?

Check kidney function and serum potassium at baseline and during follow-up, as appropriate for the patient’s risks and clinical situation.

Which persistent symptom is particularly associated with ACE inhibitors?

A persistent dry cough is a characteristic adverse effect associated with ACE inhibitors.

What should a patient taking an ACE inhibitor or ARB do after a positive pregnancy test?

ACE inhibitors and ARBs can harm a fetus and are not used during pregnancy. Contact the prescribing clinician promptly to review a safe treatment plan.

What monitoring is relevant after starting a thiazide-type diuretic?

Monitor blood pressure and consider checking electrolytes and kidney function, since thiazide-type diuretics can alter fluid balance and electrolytes.

How should patients use home blood-pressure readings to support care?

Use a validated upper-arm cuff, record readings as instructed, and share them with the care team.

Should a patient change or stop blood-pressure medication based on one reading?

Do not change the dose or stop antihypertensive medication on your own; consult the care team before changing treatment.

How often should uncontrolled hypertension be evaluated after treatment starts or intensifies?

For adults whose hypertension remains uncontrolled after starting or intensifying treatment, the 2025 U.S. guideline recommends monthly evaluation of adherence and response until control is achieved.