01
Front
How does stage differ from discharge?
Back
Stage is the water-surface height at a location; discharge is the volume of water passing a point per unit time.
Free Online Flashcard Deck
4 Rivers and Streamflow Free Online FlashCards
Study 4 Rivers and Streamflow with 12 free online flashcards. Review key terms, definitions, and concepts with this interactive flashcard deck.
12 cards
02
Front
What does a hydrograph show?
Back
A hydrograph shows how stage or discharge changes over time. Small basins may respond quickly to storms, while larger basins often respond more slowly.
03
Front
What distinguishes a drainage basin from a drainage divide?
Back
A drainage basin is the area that drains to a common outlet. A drainage divide, often along ridges or high ground, separates neighboring basins.
04
Front
What are a tributary and a confluence?
Back
A tributary is a smaller stream that enters a larger one; their meeting point is a confluence.
05
Front
Where do cut banks and point bars form in a meander?
Back
In a meander, faster flow commonly erodes the outer bank into a cut bank, while slower flow deposits sediment on the inner bank, forming a point bar.
06
Front
How can an oxbow lake form?
Back
An oxbow lake may form when a river bend is cut off from the main channel.
07
Front
What happens to sediment when river flow slows or gains energy?
Back
When flow slows or its carrying capacity falls, sediment may settle and accumulate. When flow gains energy, stored sediment may be picked up and moved again.
08
Front
What is a river’s dissolved load?
Back
Dissolved load consists of minerals carried in solution.
09
Front
What does a river’s suspended load consist of?
Back
Suspended load consists of fine particles, such as silt and clay, carried within the water.
10
Front
How does a river transport its bed load?
Back
Bed load consists of coarser particles, such as sand or gravel, moved along the channel bed by rolling, sliding, or hopping.
11
Front
What is a floodplain?
Back
A floodplain is adjacent, low, relatively flat land that may be inundated when high streamflow overtops the river’s banks.
12
Front
What does the “100-year flood” recurrence interval mean?
Back
A “100-year flood” has a 1% chance of being equaled or exceeded in any one year; it does not follow a regular schedule.
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