6 Endocrine Pharmacology: Integrated Review Free Online FlashCards

What should a patient do about mealtime insulin when unable to eat?

If unable to eat, follow the prescribed sick-day and correction-dose plan rather than taking the usual meal dose; check glucose as directed.

What should a person with type 1 diabetes know about basal insulin during illness?

A person with type 1 diabetes should not stop basal insulin without clinician direction, even when illness prevents normal eating.

At what eGFR is metformin generally not used?

Metformin is generally not used when eGFR is below 30 mL/min/1.73 m².

Can SGLT2 inhibitor-associated ketoacidosis occur without marked hyperglycemia?

SGLT2 inhibitor-associated ketoacidosis can occur without marked hyperglycemia, so a glucose value below typical levels does not rule it out.

What symptoms during SGLT2 inhibitor treatment warrant urgent ketoacidosis assessment?

Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, or rapid breathing while taking an SGLT2 inhibitor warrants urgent assessment, including evaluation for ketones.

Why can skipping lunch be risky for someone taking glipizide?

Glipizide and other sulfonylureas can cause hypoglycemia; skipped or delayed meals can increase that risk.

How can breakfast and calcium affect levothyroxine absorption?

Food and calcium can reduce levothyroxine absorption, which may contribute to a rise in TSH.

How can a patient improve consistency of levothyroxine absorption?

Take levothyroxine consistently on an empty stomach and separate calcium according to clinician or pharmacist guidance.

What should a patient taking methimazole do about fever or severe sore throat?

Fever or severe sore throat while taking methimazole may signal a dangerously low white blood cell count. Seek urgent medical advice and blood-count evaluation; do not take further doses until the treating clinician advises.

How can morning prednisone affect the daily glucose pattern?

Morning prednisone can raise glucose later in the day, often producing higher afternoon and evening readings.

Why may fasting glucose alone miss prednisone-related hyperglycemia?

Monitoring only fasting glucose may miss prednisone-related afternoon and evening increases; monitoring should account for the steroid's timing.

Why should prolonged oral prednisone not be stopped abruptly?

Prolonged corticosteroid use can suppress natural cortisol production, so stopping suddenly may cause serious illness. Follow a prescriber-directed plan; tapering may be needed.