01
True or false
1 point
True or false: If a patient lacks decision-making capacity for a treatment decision, an appropriate surrogate may decide using the patient’s known wishes and values where possible.
Free Practice Quiz Question List
09 Bioethics Online Quiz Questions
Use this free practice quiz with 20 questions to review 09 Bioethics, test your knowledge, and prepare for your next test or exam.
20 questions
02
True or false
1 point
True or false: In the Belmont Report, justice means seeking benefit while limiting harm.
- A
True
- B
False
03
Choose one
1 point
A clinician respects a capable patient's treatment choice despite believing another option would lead to a better medical outcome. Which ethical approach most directly supports this emphasis on the patient's choice as a right?
- A
Consequentialism
- B
Deontology
- C
Virtue ethics
- D
Justice
04
Fill in the blank
1 point
Under the Belmont Report, the principle concerned with fair distribution of research burdens and benefits is .
05
Choose all
1 point
Which issues may arise in connection with assisted reproductive technologies such as IVF and gestational surrogacy? Select all that apply.
- A
How stored embryos will be handled
- B
How to ensure informed choice
- C
Responsibilities of parents
- D
The interests of children born through these methods
- E
Whether future generations can consent to inherited genome edits
06
Choose one
1 point
A hospital offers an intervention mainly to help one patient, while a study tests an intervention to produce knowledge that may help future patients. Which distinction best describes the two activities?
- A
Treatment and research have identical primary aims.
- B
Research primarily aims to help the participant, while treatment aims to produce knowledge for others.
- C
Treatment primarily aims to help a patient, while research aims to produce knowledge that may benefit others.
- D
Research does not involve responsibilities to participants once they agree.
07
True or false
1 point
True or false: Withholding a life-sustaining treatment and later withdrawing it are generally considered morally different solely because one is an omission and the other an action.
- A
True
- B
False
08
Written response
1 point
Which Belmont principle calls for seeking benefit while limiting harm? Enter the principle's name.
09
Choose all
1 point
A hospital has one scarce treatment available for several patients. Which features can contribute to a defensible allocation process? Select all that apply.
- A
Use criteria relevant to medical need or likely benefit.
- B
Give priority based on characteristics unrelated to medical need or likely benefit.
- C
Explain the reasoning behind the allocation.
- D
Consider urgency and expected benefit when circumstances warrant.
- E
Always give everyone identical care regardless of differences in need.
10
Written response
1 point
A patient lacks decision-making capacity for a particular treatment choice. What is the role of the person who may decide using the patient's known wishes and values where possible? Enter the role in one word.
11
Fill in the blank
1 point
For a patient's consent to be meaningful, the choice must be , rather than coerced.
12
Choose one
1 point
Why does heritable genome editing raise ethical concerns beyond those associated with an intervention affecting only the consenting patient?
- A
The edits affect only the person who chooses them and carry no uncertainty.
- B
Future generations may be affected, cannot consent, and may face difficult-to-predict risks.
- C
Genome editing makes access equitable by definition.
- D
The only ethical concern is whether the procedure is affordable.
13
Open ended
1 point
A physician asks a patient to sign a consent form before surgery. Explain what must happen for the patient's consent to be ethically meaningful, beyond obtaining the signature.
14
Choose one
1 point
A capable patient chooses a treatment option that the clinician believes is less likely to produce the best medical outcome. Which ethical approach most directly emphasizes respecting the patient's choice as a duty or right?
- A
Choose the option most likely to produce the best outcome, regardless of the patient's preference.
- B
Respect the capable patient's choice as a matter of duty and rights.
- C
Ask which option best expresses the clinician's compassion and judgment.
- D
Choose the option that distributes resources most fairly across the community.
15
Written response
1 point
What is the name of the communication process in which a patient receives understandable information about an intervention, its risks and benefits, alternatives, and an opportunity to ask questions?
16
Choose one
1 point
A patient lacks decision-making capacity for a particular treatment decision. Which approach best reflects the ethical role of an appropriate surrogate?
- A
The clinician should make the decision based only on what is easiest to provide.
- B
The family should choose whichever option they personally prefer, regardless of the patient's values.
- C
An appropriate surrogate should consider the patient's known wishes and values where possible.
- D
The patient should be treated as having consented to the clinician's preferred option.
17
Written response
1 point
Which Belmont Report principle addresses fairness in distributing the burdens and benefits of research?
18
Choose one
1 point
A clinic is deciding whether an activity is clinical treatment or research. Which distinction best describes their primary aims?
- A
Treatment primarily aims to help a patient; research aims to produce knowledge that may benefit others.
- B
Treatment primarily produces generalizable knowledge; research primarily treats each participant's illness.
- C
Treatment and research have the same primary aim whenever participants agree to take part.
- D
Research aims to benefit its participants directly, so researchers have no separate duty to limit harm.
19
Choose one
1 point
A family worries that stopping a life-sustaining treatment is automatically more unethical than never starting it. Which response best reflects the ethical considerations involved?
- A
Withdrawing treatment is always ethically unacceptable once it has started.
- B
Withholding and withdrawing treatment are not generally morally different solely because one is an omission and the other an action.
- C
Withholding treatment is acceptable only if the patient has no advance directive.
- D
Withdrawing treatment is ethically acceptable only when it cannot lead to death.
20
Choose one
1 point
Several patients could benefit from a scarce treatment. Which allocation process is most consistent with a defensible approach to health-care fairness?
- A
Give priority based on social status because it is a simple way to resolve disagreement.
- B
Give everyone identical care regardless of differences in need or barriers to access.
- C
Use whichever criterion benefits the decision-makers, without explaining the choice.
- D
Use relevant criteria, explain the reasoning, and avoid discrimination unrelated to medical need or likely benefit.