2 Standard Precautions and Hand Hygiene
Learn when Standard Precautions call for hand hygiene, how to choose a cleaning method, and how to perform each technique correctly.
for every patient
are the minimum infection-prevention practices used for every patient in every healthcare setting, whether or not an infection is known or suspected. They include and choosing according to anticipated exposure risk. For example, wear gloves when contact with blood or body fluids is expected, but do not treat gloves as a substitute for .
When to perform
Clean hands immediately before touching a patient and before an , such as inserting a device. During care, clean hands when moving from a soiled body site to a clean body site on the same patient.
Clean hands after touching a patient or the patient’s immediate surroundings, and after contact with blood, body fluids, or contaminated surfaces. Perform immediately after removing gloves, even when the hands look clean.
Choose the appropriate method
For most routine clinical situations, use an when hands are not visibly soiled. Wash with soap and water when hands are visibly dirty or soiled with blood or body fluids. Soap and water are also indicated before eating and after using the restroom.
During outbreaks of C. difficile or norovirus, follow facility guidance, which may call for soap-and-water handwashing after patient care.
Use
Apply the manufacturer-recommended amount to one palm. Rub the palms together, then cover all hand surfaces, including the backs of the hands, between the fingers, fingertips, and thumbs. Continue rubbing until the hands are completely dry, about 20 seconds.
Wash with soap and water
Wet hands and apply soap. Rub vigorously for at least 15 seconds, covering the palms, backs of the hands, between the fingers, thumbs, fingertips, and around and under the nails. Rinse thoroughly and dry with a disposable towel; use the towel to turn off the faucet if needed.
Avoid hot water because it can contribute to skin irritation.