09: Progressivism, Imperialism, Migration, and World War I Free Online FlashCards

What problems helped cause Progressivism?

Progressivism arose partly in response to industrial capitalism, urban problems, corporate power, political corruption, unsafe conditions, environmental damage, and public-health crises.

What did muckrakers do?

Muckrakers were investigative journalists who exposed abuses and corruption. Their reporting helped turn private problems into public issues and created pressure for political reform.

What did the Pure Food and Drug Act address?

The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 addressed mislabeled or contaminated foods and medicines, expanding federal responsibility for consumer protection.

What did the Seventeenth Amendment establish?

The Seventeenth Amendment, ratified in 1913, established the direct election of U.S. senators by voters rather than selection by state legislatures.

Why was the Federal Reserve System created?

The Federal Reserve System, created in 1913, increased federal supervision of banking and currency as part of Progressive economic reform.

What did the Nineteenth Amendment prohibit?

The Nineteenth Amendment prohibited denying the vote on the basis of sex. It was ratified on August 18, 1920, but other barriers still excluded many women.

How did the NAACP challenge racial injustice?

The NAACP used litigation, publicity, lobbying, and protest to challenge lynching, segregation, and disfranchisement.

What was the Great Migration?

The Great Migration was the movement of African Americans from the rural South to industrial cities in the North and Midwest, driven by racial oppression, limited opportunities, and wartime labor demand.

What were major effects of the Great Migration?

The First Great Migration expanded Black communities and opportunities for employment, education, political organization, journalism, and cultural expression, while also provoking discrimination and racial violence.

How did the Spanish-American War expand U.S. power?

After defeating Spain, the United States acquired or asserted control over Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, becoming an overseas imperial power.

Why did the Philippine-American War begin?

The Philippine-American War began in 1899 after the United States retained the Philippines instead of granting the independence Filipino nationalists expected.

What did the Open Door policy seek?

The Open Door policy sought equal commercial access to China without requiring the United States to acquire a formal colony there.