Study 10. Agricultural Change and Food Systems with 12 free online flashcards. Review key terms, definitions, and concepts with this interactive flashcard deck.
What is agricultural diffusion?
Agricultural diffusion is the spread of crops, livestock, farming practices, and agricultural technologies from one place to another through processes such as migration, trade, conquest, policy, research, or investment.
What did the Columbian Exchange redistribute?
The Columbian Exchange moved crops, animals, diseases, and people between the Americas and Afro-Eurasia after late-fifteenth- and sixteenth-century transatlantic voyages.
What combination drove the Green Revolution?
The Green Revolution combined improved wheat and rice varieties with irrigation, synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, research, infrastructure, and supportive policies to increase food production.
What is precision agriculture?
Precision agriculture uses GPS-guided equipment, satellite imagery, sensors, drones, and data analysis to vary seed, fertilizer, and water applications within a field.
What does agribusiness include?
Agribusiness includes businesses and economic activities connected to agriculture, including input supply, finance, storage, transport, processing, wholesale, retail, and food services.
What is the agricultural value chain?
The agricultural value chain runs from inputs to farming, storage, processing, transportation, wholesale, retail or food service, consumption, and waste management.
What is a food system?
A food system includes the connected activities, people, institutions, technologies, and environments involved in producing, processing, moving, consuming, and disposing of food.
What are the dimensions of food security?
Food security requires food to be available, accessible or affordable, nutritious, and reliably obtainable over time.
What is sustainable agriculture?
Sustainable agriculture meets present food needs while maintaining the ecological, economic, and social conditions required for future production.
How does integrated pest management work?
Integrated pest management monitors pests and combines biological, cultural, mechanical, and chemical controls instead of relying automatically on pesticides.
What is agricultural salinization?
Salinization occurs when salts accumulate in irrigated soil, often after evaporation in dry regions, reducing crop productivity.
How does eutrophication develop?
Eutrophication occurs when excess nutrients promote algal blooms; decomposition then lowers oxygen, creating hypoxic or low-oxygen conditions.