2 Growth, Development, and Health Promotion Free Online FlashCards

How do growth and development differ?

Growth is measurable physical change, such as increasing weight or height; development is the gradual acquisition of motor, language, cognitive, social, and emotional abilities.

Which growth charts are used at different ages in U.S. practice?

In U.S. practice, use WHO growth standards from birth to age 2 and CDC growth charts from age 2 onward.

Which domains are considered in developmental assessment?

Assess gross motor, fine motor, communication, cognition, and social-emotional skills.

When are routine developmental and autism-specific screenings recommended?

AAP-recommended standardized general developmental screening occurs at 9, 18, and 30 months. Autism-specific screening is recommended at 18 and 24 months.

What do CDC milestone checklists indicate?

Milestones describe skills at least 75% of children can do by a specified age. They help monitor development but do not replace validated screening.

What context matters when assessing early development?

Consider corrected age when interpreting early development in children born preterm. Also account for cultural and linguistic context without dismissing genuine concerns.

What developmental pattern is common in toddlerhood?

Walking, climbing, and hand skills progress, while early words develop into short combinations. Tantrums and testing limits can be common as self-control and language are still developing.

What kinds of factors influence a child's growth and development?

Growth and development reflect interacting factors, including genetics, prenatal and perinatal history, nutrition, health, sleep, activity, stress, environment, and access to care.

What are key health-promotion priorities for infants?

Support responsive caregiving, safe sleep, feeding guidance, immunization, oral health as teeth emerge, and injury prevention. Encourage talking, reading, play, and supervised movement.

What makes preventive care family-centered?

Ask what matters to the family, use understandable and culturally responsive language, acknowledge strengths, and agree on feasible next steps.

Why assess a child's growth trajectory over time?

Interpret accurate measurements over time, not from one percentile alone. A substantial trajectory change or persistently poor weight gain warrants assessment.

How should clinicians respond to developmental regression or concern?

Evaluate and refer promptly if a child loses skills, misses milestones, or a caregiver is concerned; do not wait for the next routine screening.