2 Respiratory Complications of Immobility Free Online FlashCards

How can immobility increase respiratory complications?

Immobility can lead to smaller breaths and a weaker cough, allowing secretions to collect and increasing the risk of atelectasis and pneumonia.

What is atelectasis?

Atelectasis is partial or complete collapse of alveoli, the small air sacs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.

What role does an incentive spirometer play in atelectasis prevention?

An incentive spirometer encourages slow, sustained inhalation when prescribed, but it supplements rather than replaces mobility, positioning, and coughing.

What is pneumonia?

Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs caused by pathogens such as bacteria or viruses.

Why do oral hygiene and aspiration precautions matter for pneumonia risk?

Organisms in the mouth can enter the lungs if aspirated. Oral hygiene and attention to swallowing and aspiration risk are therefore important.

What change may signal pneumonia in an older adult?

Older adults with pneumonia may show new confusion or a change in usual function rather than typical symptoms alone.

When are antibiotics appropriate for pneumonia?

Antibiotics treat bacterial infections when indicated; they do not treat viral pneumonia and should not be started solely because atelectasis is suspected.

What should be done about new or worsening breathing difficulty?

Promptly report new or worsening breathing difficulty or falling oxygen saturation for clinical evaluation rather than assuming the cause.

How can airway secretions cause atelectasis?

When secretions block a small airway, air beyond the blockage can be absorbed, allowing that lung region to collapse.

What findings may occur with atelectasis?

Possible findings include shortness of breath, shallow or faster breathing, cough, reduced oxygen saturation, and diminished breath sounds or crackles. Findings alone do not confirm the diagnosis.

How can repositioning help prevent respiratory complications?

Regular repositioning and upright positioning, when appropriate, support lung expansion and the movement of secretions.

Why address pain when encouraging deep breathing and coughing?

Pain can limit deep breathing and coughing. Supporting a painful incision with a pillow and managing pain as prescribed can help avoid unnecessary limitation.