5 Core 2: Operating Systems Free Online FlashCards

What is the kernel’s role in an operating system?

The kernel manages core system resources such as processor time, memory, and devices.

How does a domain differ from a workgroup?

A domain centrally manages identities and policies through directory services; a workgroup manages accounts on individual computers.

How do GPT and MBR differ?

GPT is a modern partitioning scheme commonly used with UEFI. MBR is older, associated with legacy BIOS, and has partitioning limitations.

What is a key risk of a clean OS installation?

A clean installation installs the OS onto a prepared target and may remove existing data, applications, and settings. Verify the target disk and back up important data first.

Which Windows tool shows processes and resource use?

Task Manager reviews running applications, processes, startup apps, and resource use.

Which command checks DNS name resolution?

Use `nslookup` to query DNS name resolution. It is useful when a device can reach an IP address but cannot reach a website by name.

What does `sfc /scannow` do?

`sfc /scannow` checks protected Windows system files and attempts to repair detected problems. It requires an elevated terminal.

Which Windows recovery tool targets certain startup failures?

Startup Repair attempts to diagnose and fix certain problems that prevent Windows from starting, including some boot-configuration issues.

What does `sudo apt update` do on Ubuntu?

On Ubuntu, `apt update` refreshes the local package index; it does not itself install a package.

What is Time Machine used for on macOS?

Time Machine supports backup and file restoration on macOS.

What does a hardware driver do?

A driver lets the operating system communicate with a specific hardware device.

What does an in-place OS upgrade generally preserve?

An in-place upgrade replaces or upgrades the OS while retaining some or all files, applications, and settings, depending on the supported path and choices.