1 Gastrointestinal Assessment and Nursing Priorities Free Online FlashCards

What should a nurse assess first in a patient with GI concerns?

Assess airway, breathing, circulation, mental status, vital signs, and overall appearance before taking a detailed GI history.

Which medication groups are important to ask about in a GI history?

Ask about NSAIDs, anticoagulants, and opioids because medication use can point to bleeding or other medication-related risks.

What is the correct order for an abdominal examination?

Use inspection, auscultation, percussion, then palpation.

What is the priority when a patient has hemodynamic instability or active GI bleeding?

Rapidly assess the patient and escalate care; do not delay escalation to finish a routine assessment.

What makes melena especially concerning for acute GI bleeding?

Melena with faintness, tachycardia, pallor, sweating, or confusion may indicate shock and requires immediate escalation.

Which findings suggest a possible bowel obstruction?

Cramping pain, abdominal distention, vomiting, and inability to pass stool or gas suggest possible obstruction.

What should be monitored during ongoing diarrhea or vomiting?

Monitor hydration, urine output, weight, and electrolytes; provide ordered fluids and protect the skin.

How should new confusion in a patient with cirrhosis be treated?

New confusion may indicate hepatic encephalopathy; assess mental status and vital signs, report the change, and evaluate for complications such as bleeding.

Which tests may help confirm IBD and assess its extent?

Blood and stool tests, endoscopy with biopsy, and imaging as indicated can help confirm IBD and assess its extent.

What should be confirmed before oral intake after EGD with throat anesthetic?

Follow protocol for resuming oral intake and confirm safe swallowing if a throat anesthetic was used.

Why should bowel sounds be auscultated before percussion or palpation?

Percussion or palpation can alter bowel activity, so listen before touching the abdomen.

How should palpation be sequenced when the patient has abdominal pain?

Palpate gently, starting away from painful areas and assessing the painful area last.