4 Inflammatory Bowel Disease Free Online FlashCards

How does IBD differ from irritable bowel syndrome?

IBD causes intestinal inflammation and tissue damage; irritable bowel syndrome does not.

Where can Crohn’s disease occur?

Crohn’s disease can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, from mouth to anus; the terminal ileum and colon are common sites.

What is the characteristic distribution pattern of Crohn’s disease?

Crohn’s disease typically causes patchy inflammation, with unaffected segments between areas of disease; these are called skip lesions.

What is the typical distribution of ulcerative colitis?

Ulcerative colitis affects only the colon and usually begins in the rectum, extending continuously toward the proximal colon.

Which complications are characteristic of Crohn’s disease?

Crohn’s disease may cause strictures and obstruction, as well as fistulas and abscesses.

What serious complications can occur with ulcerative colitis?

Ulcerative colitis can cause severe bleeding, toxic megacolon, and perforation. Longstanding colonic inflammation also raises colorectal cancer risk.

Why should worsening symptoms not automatically be assumed to be an IBD flare?

Infection, medication effects, and Crohn’s-related narrowing or obstruction can mimic active IBD. Worsening symptoms need clinical evaluation.

Which symptoms may signal bowel obstruction in IBD?

Cramping, abdominal distension, vomiting, and reduced passage of stool or gas may indicate obstruction. Seek urgent assessment and notify the clinician; follow directions about food and medicines.

Which findings may signal toxic megacolon or perforation?

Severe colitis with abdominal distension, fever, tachycardia, or worsening tenderness may indicate toxic megacolon or perforation. Escalate care immediately.

What findings help assess dehydration and blood loss during an IBD flare?

Monitor intake and urine output, weight, vital signs, and signs of blood loss or anemia, such as dizziness, pallor, tachycardia, or weakness.

What is the role of corticosteroids in IBD treatment?

Corticosteroids may be used short term to control a flare, but they are not maintenance therapy. Follow the prescribed taper after prolonged use.

How do 5-aminosalicylates fit into IBD treatment?

5-aminosalicylates are commonly used for mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis; they are not effective maintenance therapy for Crohn’s disease in current ACG guidance.