01
Front
How do overt and occult gastrointestinal bleeding differ?
Back
Overt bleeding is visible; occult bleeding is hidden and may be detected through anemia or stool testing.
Free Online Flashcard Deck
2 Gastrointestinal Bleeding Free Online FlashCards
Study 2 Gastrointestinal Bleeding with 12 free online flashcards. Review key terms, definitions, and concepts with this interactive flashcard deck.
12 cards
02
Front
Where does upper gastrointestinal bleeding originate?
Back
Upper GI bleeding begins in the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum.
03
Front
What does hematemesis mean?
Back
Hematemesis is vomiting blood, which may be bright red.
04
Front
Does hematochezia always indicate a lower GI source?
Back
No. A brisk upper GI bleed can cause hematochezia, particularly when the patient is unstable.
05
Front
How might slow or recurrent GI bleeding present?
Back
Slow or recurrent bleeding may cause anemia, fatigue, weakness, pallor, or shortness of breath without obvious blood in vomit or stool.
06
Front
Which findings may signal deterioration in GI bleeding?
Back
Syncope, confusion, restlessness, tachycardia, falling blood pressure, rapid breathing, cool or clammy skin, pallor, reduced urine output, heavy ongoing bleeding, and chest pain require prompt escalation.
07
Front
Does normal blood pressure rule out early deterioration?
Back
No. A normal blood pressure alone does not rule out early deterioration.
08
Front
How should assessment and resuscitation be timed in suspected significant GI bleeding?
Back
Resuscitation and assessment proceed at the same time; urgent stabilization should not wait for diagnostic testing.
09
Front
Which blood tests are commonly obtained during initial GI bleeding care?
Back
Common tests include a CBC, chemistry, coagulation studies, and blood type and crossmatch.
10
Front
What red-cell transfusion threshold does ACG suggest for most hospitalized upper GI bleeding patients?
Back
For most hospitalized patients with upper GI bleeding, ACG guidance suggests a red-cell transfusion threshold of hemoglobin 7 g/dL; decisions are individualized, especially with instability or relevant comorbidities.
11
Front
When is upper endoscopy generally performed for hospitalized upper GI bleeding?
Back
Upper endoscopy is generally performed within 24 hours for hospitalized upper GI bleeding after initial stabilization.
12
Front
What is melena?
Back
Melena is black, tarry stool and can be a sign of upper GI bleeding.
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