12 Immunization and Immunomodulating Medications Free Online FlashCards

What is the purpose of vaccines?

Vaccines stimulate active immunity against infectious disease.

Which diseases does Tdap prevent, and how does it differ from Td?

Tdap prevents tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis. Td covers tetanus and diphtheria.

Which vaccine type applies to MMR and Varivax?

MMR and Varivax are live attenuated vaccines.

What is a key distinction of Shingrix?

Shingrix is a recombinant, non-live vaccine that prevents shingles and related complications.

Why are live vaccines generally avoided in severe immunosuppression?

Live vaccines are generally avoided in people with severe immunosuppression because the vaccine organism can replicate.

What is an important vaccine consideration for immunocompromised people?

Non-live vaccines do not replicate and can generally be given safely, though the immune response may be weaker.

When should vaccines be reviewed in relation to substantial immunosuppressive treatment?

When feasible, review and update vaccines before starting substantial immunosuppressive treatment. Timing needs individualized clinical guidance.

What is a key dosing precaution for methotrexate in inflammatory disease?

For inflammatory disease, methotrexate is usually taken once weekly, not daily. It can cause bone-marrow, liver, lung, and fetal toxicity.

What important long-term toxicity is associated with hydroxychloroquine?

Long-term hydroxychloroquine use can damage the retina, so eye monitoring is important.

What is a major use and safety concern of mycophenolate mofetil?

Mycophenolate mofetil (CellCept) helps prevent rejection after kidney, heart, or liver transplantation. Major concerns include serious infection and embryo-fetal toxicity.

What infection risk is important with TNF inhibitors?

TNF inhibitors can cause serious infections, including tuberculosis reactivation. Clinicians assess for latent tuberculosis before many biologic or targeted therapies.

What is a key distinction between etanercept and some other TNF inhibitors?

Etanercept is a TNF inhibitor, but it is not used to treat inflammatory bowel disease.