6 Neurologic Diagnostic Tests Free Online FlashCards

What does a lumbar puncture collect?

A lumbar puncture collects cerebrospinal fluid from the lower spinal canal to help investigate neurologic disorders and may measure opening pressure.

Which CSF pattern can support bacterial meningitis?

Increased white cells, especially neutrophils, increased protein, and decreased glucose can support bacterial meningitis; interpret these findings with cultures and clinical evidence.

What does an EEG measure?

An EEG records the brain’s electrical activity using scalp electrodes. It helps evaluate suspected seizures, altered consciousness, and some sleep or brain-function disorders.

How do CT and MRI differ?

CT uses x-rays and is often used when rapid imaging is needed. MRI uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to show detailed brain and spinal cord structures.

What can a catheter-based cerebral angiogram reveal?

It uses x-ray imaging and contrast injected through a catheter to show brain blood vessels and may identify an aneurysm, narrowing, blockage, or vascular malformation.

How do NCS and EMG differ?

NCS uses small electrical pulses to measure how quickly and strongly nerves conduct signals. EMG uses a small needle electrode to record electrical activity in selected muscles.

How should neurologic diagnostic test results guide clinical assessment?

Diagnostic findings support, but do not replace, clinical assessment. A normal result on one test may not exclude disease.

How is a patient commonly positioned for lumbar puncture?

The patient is usually on their side with the back flexed, or sitting and leaning forward. Staying still helps the clinician collect the sample safely.

What safety concerns may make a lumbar puncture risky?

Possible concerns include a mass causing increased intracranial pressure, significant bleeding risk, or infection at the puncture site. The clinician weighs risks and benefits.

What positional pattern is typical of a post-dural puncture headache?

A post-dural puncture headache often worsens when upright and improves when lying down.

Does a normal EEG rule out epilepsy?

No. Abnormal electrical activity may not occur during the recording, so a normal EEG does not rule out epilepsy.

Should a patient stop seizure medicine before an EEG?

Do not stop seizure medicines or other prescribed medications unless the prescriber instructs you to; follow the EEG team’s test-specific directions.