3 Motivation and Work Engagement Free Online FlashCards

What is work motivation?

Work motivation is the force that energizes, directs, and sustains effort toward work-related goals.

What does direction mean in work motivation?

Direction is what a person works toward: the goals or activities they choose to pursue.

Besides motivation, what factors affect work performance?

Performance also depends on ability and skills, understanding of role expectations, and available resources and working conditions.

What are Maslow’s five need categories, and what is one limitation?

Maslow groups needs as physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization. Evidence does not support treating them as a fixed sequence everyone follows.

What three judgments shape motivation in expectancy theory?

Expectancy theory says motivation depends on believing effort can lead to good performance (expectancy), performance to an outcome (instrumentality), and that the outcome is valuable (valence).

What are the three dimensions of work engagement?

Work engagement is a positive work-related state marked by vigor (energy), dedication (involvement and significance), and absorption (strong concentration).

How do job demands and resources relate to engagement in the JD-R model?

In the JD-R model, excessive or prolonged demands can contribute to exhaustion, while resources such as autonomy, support, feedback, and development opportunities can help people work and support engagement.

What makes workplace recognition fair and useful?

Give specific, timely recognition tied to real contributions, while considering employees’ preferences and making reward decisions understandable and consistent.

What does intensity mean in work motivation?

Intensity is how much effort a person invests in their work.

How does Herzberg’s two-factor theory distinguish work factors?

Herzberg separates hygiene factors, such as pay and working conditions, from motivators, such as achievement, responsibility, recognition, and growth.

Which three psychological needs does self-determination theory emphasize?

Self-determination theory identifies autonomy (choice), competence (effectiveness), and relatedness (connection with others).

What does equity theory focus on?

Employees compare their contributions and outcomes with those of relevant others. Perceived unfairness can reduce effort, cooperation, or commitment.